Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory plays an important role in multisource data fusion. Due to the nature of Dempster combination rule, there can be counterintuitive results when fusing highly conflicting data. To date, conflict management D-S is still open issue. Inspired by modification considering internal indeterminacy and external support, a novel method for fusion proposed based on impr...

We examined geographic variation within the Ashy Darter, Etheostoma cinereum, of the mitochondrially enconded cytochrome b gene (cyt b) and nuclear recombination activation gene 1 (RAG1) as well as pigmentation, 6 meristic variables, and 20 morphometric variables for patterns indicative of speciation within the complex. Four geographically disjunct entities were identified by at least one of th...