Due to their common occurrence and fundamental role in human-realized processes natural phenomena, turbulent flows are subject constant research. One of the research tools used these studies hot-wire anemometers. These instruments allow for measurements a wide range both velocities frequencies fluctuations. This article describes new indirect method determining bandwidth shape constant-temperat...

Many new types of sonic anemometer obtain sonic temperature from an average value of temperature measured along three paths, unlike previous sonic anemometers that generally used one path. New equations are derived to calculate temperature variance from sonic temperature variance and sensible heat flux from buoyancy flux considering the influence of a crosswind. These equations can be applied t...

Although wake vortices are known to decay more rapidly near the ground than away from the ground, the details of the ground interaction are not well understood. Propeller anemometer arrays located under the approach path have been used to study vortex transport and provide some information about the vortex interaction with the ground, such as the generation of secondary vortices via boundary-la...

Understanding some of the basic wind engineering concepts helps one understand the chimney’s response. The circular cross section of the steel chimney characteristically provides aerodynamic lift perpendicular to the wind direction. Knowing how to predict and prevent these adverse responses is of critical importance to steel chimney design. I. STATIC WIND FORCES The force exerted by wind varies...

A fiber-optic anemometer based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is presented. A short section of cobalt-doped fiber was utilized to make a fiber-based "hot wire" for wind speed measurement. Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) were fabricated in the cobalt-doped fiber using 193 nm laser pulses to serve as localized temperature sensors. A miniature all-optical fiber anemometer is constructed by using two F...

A novel anemometer was designed and implemented for simultaneous measurement of velocity and temperature in air flows with a single hot wire probe. The principle of periodically varying the overheat ratio of the wire was selected and applied through a parameterizable electronic chain. The specific methods developed for the calibration procedure and the signal processing are explained. The accur...

Higher-order turbulent products of momentum and temperature are experimentally presented for heated boundary layers subjected to adverse pressure gradient (APG) and zero pressure gradient (ZPG) flows. Clauser’s equilibrium parameter, b, was set to 1.8 for APG case and 0 for ZPG case. The temperature difference between the heated wall and free stream was held constant at 12°C. Triple wire measur...