playful and profound in a way unique to him, entitled ‘‘Is There an Indian Way of Thinking?’’ According to the possible emphases, this sentence could express at least four different questions (‘‘Is,’’ present/past; ‘‘an,’’ singular/plural; ‘‘Indian,’’ local/general; ‘‘thinking,’’ familiar/alien), to which Ramanujan supplies at least eight equally reasonable answers. In the end, he seems to have...

The promoter regions of many genes contain multiple binding sites for the same transcription factor (TF). One possibility is that this multiplicity evolved through transitional forms showing redundant cis-regulation. To evaluate this hypothesis, we must disentangle the relative contributions of different evolutionary mechanisms to the evolution of binding site multiplicity. Here, we attempt to ...

Despite increasing attention to the preservation and development of sound archives in academic research cultural heritage institutions, they are yet be more substantially embraced larger theoretical debates on archival theory practice. Fraught with contested histories through legacy ethnomusicology, rooted enterprises colonial imperialism, now era mass digitization distribution, many collection...

explanation of the multiplicity of the world and the way it was created from the beginning of existence is one the concerns of philosophers, including mullā ṣadrā. the discourse of the emanation of multiplicity from unity would be totally different with respect to the apparent words of ṣadrā, who believes in the gradational unity of existence and according to his specific viewpoint, believing i...

Multiple (simple) context-free tree grammars are investigated, where “simple” means “linear and nondeleting”. Every multiple context-free tree grammar that is finitely ambiguous can be lexicalized; i.e., it can be transformed into an equivalent one (generating the same tree language) in which each rule of the grammar contains a lexical symbol. Due to this transformation, the rank of the nonterm...

Since the concept of locally decodable codes was introduced by Katz and Trevisan in 2000 [11], it is well-known that information theoretically secure private information retrieval schemes can be built using locally decodable codes [15]. In this paper, we construct a Byzantine robust PIR scheme using the multiplicity codes introduced by Kopparty et al. [12]. Our main contributions are on the one...

Meta-analysis multiplicity, the concept of conducting multiple tests of statistical significance within one review, is an underdeveloped literature. We address this issue by considering how Type I errors can impact meta-analytic results, suggest how statistical power may be affected through the use of multiplicity corrections, and propose how meta-analysts should analyze multiple tests of stati...