Mold powders are used as raw materials in continuous casting of steel industry; Also they are mostly composed of aluminum, calcium, silica oxides, alkaline and earth-alkaline oxides along with carbon and fluor. Two of the most important duties of mold powders are the lubrication of the space between mold walls and steel shell, and heat transfer control between steel shell and the copper mold. F...

Many phenomena in continuous casting including the formation of surface defects are greatly affected by heat transfer in the mold. The interfacial slag layers between the solidifying steel shell and the mold wall dominates the resistance to heat removal and thus controls mold heat transfer. Surface defects, such as longitudinal cracks and star cracks have been associated with variation of slag ...

Synopsis Mathematical modeling of stress generation in casting processes is a difficult, complex subject that is now receiving increased attention. This paper reviews the basic equations, solution methods and important phenomena associated with casting processes that require special numerical treatment. Stress modeling begins with a coupled, transient heat transfer analysis, including solidific...

In the conventional continuous casting of steel, either mold powder or oil can be added to lubricate the mold from sticking to the solidifying steel shell. The mold powder melts to form a molten slag or flux layer, and also acts to protect the molten steel from oxidation, to insulate the molten steel from heat loss, to absorb inclusions from the molten steel, to regulate heat transfer to mold w...

Results from mathematical models and plant experiments are combined to quantify the effect of transverse depressions and oscillation marks on heat transfer in the continuous casting mold. A heat transfer model has been developed to calculate transient heat conduction within the solidifying steel, coupled with the steady-state heat conduction with the continuous casting mold wall. The model feat...

Heat transfer in the mold is the heart of the continuous casting process and its quantitative analysis was pioneered by Keith Brimacombe. With many different processes currently competing, it is appropriate to apply modeling to investigate the theoretical limits of continuous casting speed and productivity. The heat transfer rate during solidification processes drops with time so the shell thic...