{ In real-time cooperative editing systems, independent operations on any part of the shared document may be generated from multiple cooperating sites. It is very important and technically challenging to ensure that the eeect of executing an operation at remote sites, in the presence of concurrent execution of independent operations, achieves the same eeect as executing this operation at the lo...

Spectrum sharing in cognitive radio networks is essential to ensure effective communication between secondary users. Game theory is suitable to be applied to the spectrum sharing strategies since it considers strategic interactions between users. There are two types of games based on the ability to communicate between users: cooperative game and non-cooperative game. In this paper, the two spec...

adjustable suture in strabismus surgery is a way to get accurate alignment of the eyes after operation. this technique is used in cooperative patients, being either adults or children. we report the result of this technique in 120 patients, 70 with esotropia and 50 exotropia. the amount of deviation was between 20 and 60 prismdiopters. the patients were mostly adults and teenagers. and the youn...

It is well known that the successful operation of cognitive radio (CR) between CR transmitter and CR receiver (CR link) relies on reliable spectrum sensing. To network CRs requires more information from spectrum sensing beyond traditional techniques, executing at CR transmitter and further information regarding the spectrum availability at CR receiver. Redefining the spectrum sensing along with...

Cognitive Radio provides enhanced wireless communication performance through context-aware sensing and adaptation. Cooperative relay enhances network connection quality and improved system throughput. Applying cooperative relay communication technique on Cognitive Radio networks enables Cognitive Radio to opportunistically exploit cooperation between network nodes. This integrated design that b...