Pathogenesis of liver injury in chronic copper poisoning of sheep was investigated using two experiments. Test sheep were dosed orally with a 0.2 % solution of CuSO4.5H2O at the rate of 10 ml/Kg body weight on five days of the week, until first day of the haemolytic crisis (HC). Liver samples were taken during the prehaemolytic period and on the first or second day of the HC, liver changes were...

In order to examine the effect of salinity on Cu accumulation from a naturally incorporated diet, oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were exposed in sea water for 96 days to four waterborne [Cu]: 2.9+/-0.7 (control), 4.3+/-0.6, 5.4+/-0.5, and 10.7+/-1.0 microg L(-1). After 96 days, the control whole body [Cu] increased from 2.1+/-0.5 to 9.1+/-1.1 microg g(-1) w.w. and the highest [Cu] was 163.4+/-...

Many Gram-negative bacteria interact with extracellular metal ions by expressing one or more siderophore types. Among these, the virulence-associated siderophore yersiniabactin (Ybt) is an avid copper chelator, forming stable cupric (Cu(II)-Ybt) complexes that are detectable in infected patients. Here we show that Ybt-expressing E. coli are protected from intracellular killing within copper-rep...

The membrane-bound enzyme ferrochelatase (protoheme ferro-lyase, EC 4.99.1.1) was purified from isolated membrane fragments of Spirillum itersonii approximately 490-fold. Purification was achieved by solubilization with chaotropic salts followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation, diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The purified enzyme has an apparen...

As a transition metal that is moderately volatile at high temperatures, copper shows limited isotopic fractionation in terrestrial mantle-derived rocks but significant enrichment its heavier isotope (up to 12.5‰ for 65Cu/63Cu) objects experienced loss during formation, such as tektites, trinitite glasses, and lunar rocks. Previous efforts model the Cu trend from measurements of ?65Cu tektites f...

Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase from Ascaris suum (Nematoda) was purified in a new, more efficient, and faster manner. The process included differential centrifugation, fractionation with ammonium sulfate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, yielding a 340-fold purification (specific activity of 47 units/mg). Optimal storage conditions, optimal pH range, thermostability,...

Recent isotopic observations of animal samples indicate body accumulation of heavy zinc and light copper throughout life. This hypothesis has never been tested for humans, but the existence of a relationship between blood isotopic composition and age could be promising for age assessment methodologies. Dietary habits can also influence the blood zinc isotope composition, being an additional sou...