The development of Aspergillus flavus inoculation techniques has played an important part in developing corn (Zea mays L.) germplasm resistant to aflatoxin contamination. Corn genotypes evaluated for aflatoxin resistance in field studies must be artificially inoculated due to the sporadic nature of aflatoxin contamination from year to year. A number of different inoculation techniques are used ...

Farm records were used to study the temporal and spatial distribution of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), (collectively heliothines) and tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), on cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., across a 4000 ha farm in southeastern Arkansas. The influence of the percentage of corn, Z. mays L., cotton, rice, Oryz...

Corn (Zea mays L.) that has been genetically engineered to produce the Cry1Ab protein (Bt corn) is resistant to lepidopteran pests. Bt corn is widely planted in the midwestern United States, often adjacent to headwater streams. We show that corn byproducts, such as pollen and detritus, enter headwater streams and are subject to storage, consumption, and transport to downstream water bodies. Lab...

Spiroplasma kunkelii causes corn stunt disease of Zea mays L. in the Americas. Here, we report the nucleotide sequence of the 1,463,926-bp circular chromosome and four plasmids of strain CR2-3x. This information will facilitate studies of Spiroplasma pathogenicity and evolutionary adaptations to transkingdom parasitism in plants and insect vectors.

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a major pest of corn, Zea mays L., in North America, Europe and Asia. Before the introduction of transgenic Bt corn targeting lepidopteran pests, the European corn borer was responsible for over $1 billion in damage and control measures annually in the U.S. alone (Mason et al. 1996). Management of this insect historically ...

Bing, L.A. and Lewis, L.C., 1993. Occurrence of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in different tillage regimes and in Zea mays L. and virulence towards Ostrinia nubilalis (Hiibner) Agric. Ecosystems Environ., 45: 147-156. The entomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, is an important component in the corn (Zea mays L. ) agroecosystem; this pathogen was found...

Purple corn (Zea mays L.), a grain with one of the deepest shades in the plant kingdom, has caught the attention of the food industry as it could serve as a source for alternatives to synthetic colorants. Also being rich in phenolic compounds with potential health-promoting properties, purple corn is becoming a rising star in the novel ingredients market. Although having been widely advertised ...

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infestations in most of North America arise from annual migrations of populations that overwinter in southern Texas and Florida. Cytochrome oxidase I haplotype profiles within the fall armyworm corn strain, the subgroup that preferentially infests corn (Zea mays L.), can differentiate the Texas and Florida populations....

Eddy covariance and static chambers are different-scale methods for monitoring agricultural N2O that, when used together on heterogeneous agricultural landscapes, can help identify flux sources and sinks and evaluate the effect of management interventions on landscape-scale N2O emissions. This study compared the N2O flux data obtained by eddy covariance and static chambers during a short-term N...