Optimally minimizing delay times at signalized intersections can significantly improve both traffic flow and safety. However, most traffic flow optimizing tools do not measure the effect on safety. This study uses nonlinear programming (NLP) algorithms to optimally minimize delay times and employs both Safety performance functions (SPFs) and empirical Bayes (EB) before-after methodology to meas...

Ambulance vehicles are a unique passenger environment with complex crashworthiness and occupant protection issues, eg. occupants in various orientations, unique human factors aspects and an array of aftermarket interior modifications. In the USA, ambulance vehicle occupant protection, crashworthiness and safety testing lags 30 years behind current general automotive safety technology. This pape...

background: motor vehicle crashes (mvc) are considered to be the most common safety challenge, causing more than a million deaths worldwide annually. objectives: the current study was aimed at identifying the etiological role of human and vehicle safety factors in road crashes, and their effects on the severity of injury and fatality in the sistan and baluchistan province, south east iran. pati...

Before-and-after safety studies are becoming more desirable in lieu of traditional cross-sectional studies in establishing crash modification factors, especially after the introduction of the first version of the Highway Safety Manual (2010). We present a simple method for estimating necessary sample sizes to obtain a target precision or power when the effect is represented as a proportional ch...

Abstract The sudden impact during a collision of an automobile may cost the life passengers. Several researchers are working to design materials and structures which can absorb impact-energy before passing it One such solution is crash-box-structure placed primarily on frontal side, in-between bumper main part automobile. crash-box-structure’s ability energy influenced by its deformation-proper...

Abstract This study evaluates the performance and safety effectiveness of mini-roundabouts. Crash, operational, geometric data for 14 mini-roundabouts located in state Michigan were collected both before after installation time periods between 2007 2016. Three years complete crash analyzed utilizing Before-and-After with Comparison Group methodology. A total 28 untreated sites similar character...

this study is to report characteristics of people killed in road traffic crashes and to describe major patterns of traffic crashes in china.descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted. road traffic death national data, population denominator data and motor vehicles data of 2009 were obtained from the bureau of traffic management at ministry of public security and national bu...

Truck-involved crashes have higher crash severity than non-truck-involved crashes. There have been many studies about the frequency of crashes and the development of severity models, but those studies only analyzed the relationship between observed variables. To identify why more people are injured or killed when trucks are involved in the crash, we must examine to quantify the complex causal r...

a study on the evaluating equivalent damping and response modification factors of frames equipped by pall friction dampers is presented. to do so, buildings with various stories were considered. nonlinear and linear dynamic time history analysis has been performed to evaluate equivalent damping for pall friction dampers. ground motions with various frequency characteristics scaled with iranian ...