An analysis of the characteristics of farm businesses by size of FCS direct lending association suggests that further consolidation of FCS lending should have limited negative impacts on credit availability. Commercial-sized farm businesses with FCS real estate debt appeared similar to those who obtained credit from competing lenders, but smaller associations and those with fewer stockholders p...

The importance of disturbances in financial markets for real economic activity and the positive association between price level and output movements typically are explained by appeal to a combination of nominal aggregate demand shocks (particularly money-supply shocks) and rigid prices. We argue that this view is inconsistent with evidence for short-run responsiveness of prices and gold flows t...

This paper establishes a Tobin’s q model in which house prices fluctuate around their long run equilibrium due to fluctuations in credit availability and income. It is shown that house prices are positively related to credit in the short run, however, negatively related to the availability of credit in the long run. Using survey data on banks’ willingness to lend and data on disintermediation f...

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the link between agency costs mitigation via three levels of rights protection (minority protection, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency issues) provides propitious climate for financing investment opportunities around world. Design/methodology/approach We use Bartlett’s three-group method stratify countries based on how well they protect investors a...

The credit scoring aim is to classify the customer credit as defaulter or non-defaulter. The credit risk analysis is more effective with further boosting and smoothing of the parameters of models. The objective of this paper is to explore the credit score classification models with an imputation technique and without imputation technique. However, data availability is low in case of without imp...