Currently evaluations of the performance of various BW agent rapid detection or identification systems have primarily focused on defined aerosol samples released under favorable, controlled conditions or controlled samples assayed under laboratory conditions. Although these methods may provide information on the sensitivity, cross-reactivity, and some interferences, they may not provide suffici...

The sensitivity analysis of atomic force microscope (AFM) based manipulation of gold spherical nanoparticles in air medium has been carried out in previous research works. In the AFM-based manipulations conducted in various biological liquid mediums, the new environmental parameters associated with these biological fluids also affect the dynamics of the manipulation process. Therefore in this r...