Crustal thickness is an important factor affecting lithosphere structure and therefore deep geodynamics. In this paper, we propose to apply deep learning neural networks called stacked sparse 10 auto-encoder to obtain crustal thickness for eastern Tibet and western Yangtze craton. Firstly taking phase and group velocities simultaneously as input and theoretical crustal thickness as output, we c...

Metamorphic Core Complexes (MCCs) form when a thickened domain with a low-strength lower crust is submitted to extension. These structures are characteristic of post-orogenic extension, and field observations suggest that several MCCs rework a crustal nappe-stack emplaced before extension begins. These MCCs therefore develop within heterogeneous crusts that contain pre-existing dipping heteroge...

Reducing scatter in measurements of regional-phase amplitude ratios is desirable for seismic discrimination applications and also provides insight into crustal structure controls on energy partitioning of regional seismic waves. Our previous analysis (Fan and Lay, 1998) of the regional seismic discriminant, Pg/Lg, indicated that variations in crustal structure cause path-specific fluctuations o...

Knowing the best 1Dmodel of the crustal and uppermantle structure is useful not only for routine hypocenter determination, but also for linearized joint inversions of hypocenters and 3D crustal structure, where a good choiceof the initialmodel canbevery important.Here,we tested thecombinationof a simpleGA inversionwith the widely used HYPO71 program to find the best three-layer model (upper cru...

The formation of the lunar farside highlands has long been an open problem in lunar science. We show that much of the topography and crustal thickness in this terrain can be described by a degree-2 harmonic. No other portion of the Moon exhibits comparable degree-2 structure. The quantified structure of the farside highlands unites them with the nearside and suggests a relation between lunar cr...

Scattering of teleseismic body waves is conventionally used to investigate crustal and mantle structure using the so-called “receiver function” technique. This approach makes use of the fact that teleseismic events have nearvertical incidence upon horizontally layered structure, ensuring minimum phase, and assumes that source-time functions can be approximated by energy on the P component of mo...

S U M M A R Y The seismic structure of large igneous provinces provides unique constraints on the nature of their parental mantle, allowing us to investigate past mantle dynamics from present crustal structure. To exploit this crust–mantle connection, however, it is prerequisite to quantify the uncertainty of a crustal velocity model, as it could suffer from considerable velocity–depth ambiguit...

The ongoing collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate brings up N-S crustal shortening and thickening of the Tibet Plateau, but its dynamic mechanisms remain controversial yet. As one of the most tectonically active regions of the world, South-Eastern Tibet (SET) has been greatly paid attention to by many geoscientists. Here we present the latest three-dimensional GPS velocity f...

[1] We present results from a wide-angle seismic refraction survey over Shatsky Rise, a large oceanic plateau in the northwestern Pacific. A new Monte Carlo sampling scheme is developed to explore comprehensively the model space of crustal velocity structure by joint refraction and reflection seismic tomography. The new scheme, which is founded on the notion of adaptive importance sampling, is ...

INTRODUCTION IN 1953, through cooperation of the Bernard Price Geophysical Institute of the University of the Witwatersrand and the University of Natal, a Columbia University-type long-period seismometer (To = 15 sec., Tg = 75 sec.) was installed in the seismological observatory of the University of Natal at Pietermaritzburg, Union of South Africa. This instrument was well situated for receivin...