In commercial practice cucumbers are brined in wooden vats ranging in capacity from about 100 to 1,200 bushels. The vats, after being filled with green cucumbers, are fitted with false heads, and salt brine of a given concentration is added to a level a few inches above the head. Next, dry salt is added on the false head of the vat to maintain the initial concentration, which otherwise would be...

Abstract Background The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most damaging pests crops grown in open field and under protected conditions. Owing to indiscriminate use insecticides, whitefly has developed resistance against various insecticides belonging different chemical groups. Use microbial biopesticides (entomopathogenic fungi) can be an effective alterna...

Crystalline p-type WSe(2) has been grown by a chemical vapor transport method. After deposition of noble metal catalysts, p-WSe(2) photocathodes exhibited thermodynamically based photoelectrode energy-conversion efficiencies of >7% for the hydrogen evolution reaction under mildly acidic conditions, and were stable under cathodic conditions for at least 2 h in acidic as well as in alkaline elect...

Physiological characteristics of in vitro and field cultivated Leucojum aestivum l. Plants stanilova m. summary. A living collection of Leucojum aestivum L. (Amaryllidaceae) was established at the Institute of Botany, Sofia, in 2001. In vitro cultures originating from a single mother bulb have been maintained since 2003 on MS-based agar-solidified medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 2 mg...

The effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) levels on field-grown cucumbers have been extensively studied. However, the variations in photosynthate accumulation summer-grown simultaneously exposed to eCO2 and varying day-night temperatures (DNF) still remain unexplored. This study aimed investigate DNF different conditions [ambient (aCO2; 400–600 ?mol mol?1) (800–1000 mol?1)] dry matter production distr...

The reduction in residue levels of endosulfan with time after treatment of tomatoes, green beans, peppers and cucumbers grown in different types of commercial greenhouses (flat- and asymmetric-roof greenhouses) in Almería (Spain) was investigated. A study of the major and minor degradation products of endosulfan in peppers and cucumbers (endosulfan-sulfate, -ether and -lactone) was carried out ...