BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. In recent years, consistent efforts have been made to develop new non-invasive biomarkers for IgAN progression. In our previous in vitro study we found mesangial derived CXCL1 as a contributor for kidney injury, and observed higher urinary CXCL1 levels in patients with IgAN. It implied that the ur...

Fibroblasts are major cellular components of the breast cancer stroma, and influence the growth, survival and invasion of epithelial cells. Compared to normal tissue fibroblasts, carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAFs) show increased expression of numerous soluble factors including growth factors and cytokines. However, the mechanisms regulating expression of these factors remain poorly underst...

BACKGROUND The pivotal role of glial activation and up-regulated inflammatory mediators in the opioid tolerance has been confirmed in rodents but not yet in humans. Here, the authors investigated the intraspinal cytokine and chemokine profiles of opioid-tolerant cancer patients; and to determine if up-regulated chemokines could modify opioid tolerance in rats. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid samp...

The angiogenic activity of CXC-ELR(+) chemokines, including CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL1/macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and CXCL1/growth-related oncogene-alpha in the Matrigel sponge angiogenesis assay in vivo, is strictly neutrophil dependent, as neutrophil depletion of the animals completely abrogates the angiogenic response. In this study, we demonstrate that mice deficient in the src famil...

BACKGROUND Bone marrow-derived microglia that originates in part from hematopoietic cells, and more particularly from monocytes preferentially attach to amyloid deposition in brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism of monocytes recruited into the amyloid plaques with an accelerated process in AD is unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here we reported that monocytes from...

Serum levels and muscle expression of the chemokine CXCL1 increase markedly in response to exercise in mice. Because several studies have established muscle-derived factors as important contributors of metabolic effects of exercise, this study aimed at investigating the effect of increased expression of muscle-derived CXCL1 on systemic and intramuscular metabolic parameters, with focus on fatty...

The melanoma growth stimulatory activity/growth-regulated protein, CXCL1, is constitutively expressed at high levels during inflammation and progression of melanocytes into malignant melanoma. It has been shown previously that CXCL1 overexpression in melanoma cells is due to increased transcription as well as stability of the CXCL1 message. The transcription of CXCL1 is regulated through severa...

In prior studies, we demonstrated that 1) CXCL1/KC is essential for NF-κB and MAPK activation and expression of CXCL2/MIP-2 and CXCL5/LPS-induced CXC chemokine in Klebsiella-infected lungs, and 2) CXCL1 derived from hematopoietic and resident cells contributes to host immunity against Klebsiella. However, the role of CXCL1 in mediating neutrophil leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)), reactive oxygen speci...

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is essential in oncogenesis and development of malignant tumors. The present study aimed to investigate CXCL1 expression in promoting lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients. Human gastric cancer cell lines were employed to detect CXCL1 expression. HGC803 cell migration and cell invasion were detected using a wound healing assay and Transwell in...

Inflammatory tumor microenvironments play pivotal roles in the development of cancer. Inflammatory cytokines such as CXCL1/GROα exert cancer-promoting activities by increasing tumor angiogenesis. However, whether CXCL1/GROα also plays a role in the progression of prostate cancer, particularly in highly invasive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), has not been investigated. We explored ...