background: haematophagous females of some phlebotomine sandflies are the only natural vectors of leishmania species, the causative agents of leishmaniasis in many parts of the tropics and subtropics, including iran.  we report the presence of phlebotomus (larroussius) major and phlebotomus (adlerius) halepensis in tonekabon (ma­zanderan province) and phlebotomus (larroussius) tobbi in pakdasht...

Respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria are assembled from subunits derived from two genetic systems. For example, the bc(1) complex consists of nine nuclear encoded subunits and the mitochondrially encoded subunit cytochrome b. We recently showed that the Cbp3-Cbp6 complex has a dual function for biogenesis of cytochrome b: it is both required for efficient synthesis of cytochrome b and fo...

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a genetically heterogeneous syndrome characterized by a microbial killing defect of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) due to lack of superoxide O2-. 2 generation. Recent studies indicate that the neutrophil O2-.-generating system consists of at least two components, flavoprotein--flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)--and cytochrome b. We evaluate the cytoch...

We have examined the pre-steady state reduction kinetics of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome bc(1) complex by menaquinol in the presence and absence of endogenous ubiquinone to elucidate the mechanism of triphasic cytochrome b reduction. With cytochrome bc(1) complex from wild type yeast, cytochrome b reduction was triphasic, consisting of a rapid partial reduction phase, an apparent par...

The identification of the efficiency of some mtDNA genes of Mus musculus species complex (house mouse) for biosystematics research was studied in this approach. Recent studies have made use of different mitochondrial genes including NADH dehydrogenase genes, cytochrome b gene, cytochrome oxidase genes, D-loop region and whole mtDNA genome to study the house mouse species. Usage of each of these...

background : female sand flies of subgenus adlerius are considered as probable vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in iran. the objective of this study was to determine the morphological and genotypic variations in the populations of this subgenus in the country. methods : sand flies collected using sticky traps from 17 provinces during 2008–2010. the morphometric measurements were conducted with...

Based on the atomic structures of the mitochondrial cytochrome bc(1) complex, it has been proposed that the soluble domain of the [2Fe-2S] Rieske iron-sulfur protein (ISP) must rotate by ca. 60 degrees and translate through an appreciable distance between two binding sites, proximal to cytochrome c(1) and to the lumen-side quinol binding site. Such motional freedom implies that the electron-tra...

Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes convert chemical energy into a membrane potential by connecting electron transport with charge separation. Electron transport relies on redox cofactors that occupy strategic positions in the complexes. How these redox cofactors are assembled into the complexes is not known. Cytochrome b, a central catalytic subunit of complex III, contains two heme bs. ...