OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether fortification of yogurts with vitamin D and calcium exerts an additional lowering effect on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone resorption markers (BRM) as compared to iso-caloric and iso-protein dairy products in aged white women at risk of fragility fractures. DESIGN A randomized double-blind controlled trial. SETTING A community dwelling home. PARTICI...

Our experiments investigate the extent to which traders learn from price, differentiating between situations where orders are submitted before versus after price has realized. In simultaneous markets with bids that conditional on neglect information conveyed by hypothetical value of price. sequential is known prior bid submission, react an roughly consistent benchmark theory. The difference’s r...

This paper uses a stylised asset-pricing model to show that sunspots may cause asset returns to be predictable, a widely documented feature of many speculative markets. This result parallels and extends previous works showing that sunspots render asset prices excessively volatile. Journal of Economic Literature Classi…cation Numbers: D84, E44, G12

JEL classification codes: C51 Model construction and estimation C62 Existence and stability conditions of equilibrium D84 Expectations Speculations This paper proposes the Potluck Problem as a model for the behavior of independent producers and consumers under standardeconomicassumptions, as a problemof resourceallocation inamulti-agent system inwhich there is no explicit communication among th...

Ceramides, specific lipid components of the skin, represent 35-40% of the intercellular cement binding cells together and contributing to skin hydration. A wheat extract rich in ceramides and digalactosyl-diglycerides was developed by Hitex in two forms: wheat extract oil (WEO) and wheat extract powder (WEP). In vitro tests and two clinical studies demonstrated promising efficacy results with W...

Analytical expectational stability results are obtained for both Euler-equation and infinitehorizon adaptive learning in a simple stochastic growth model. The rational expectations equilibrium is stable under both types of learning, though there are differences in the learning dynamics. JEL Classification: E62, D84, E21, E43.

This paper presents a framework for applying prediction markets to corporate decision making. The analysis is motivated by the recent surge of interest in markets as information aggregation devices and their potential use within firms. We characterize the amount of outcome manipulation that results in equilibrium and the impact of this manipulation on market prices. (JEL: D71, D82, D83, D84)

This introduces the symposium on sunspots and lotteries. Two stochastic generalequilibrium concepts, sunspot equilibrium (SE) and lottery equilibrium (LE), are compared. It is shown that, for some general, pure-exchange economies which allow for consumption nonconvexities or moral hazards, the set of LE allocations is equivalent to the set of SE allocations provided that the randomizing device ...

We analyse two types of belief-dependant models of social preferences: guilt aversion and reciprocity. In particular, we test the relevance of their input variables (second-order beliefs and general dispositions for guilt/reciprocity). The data confirm the predictions of belief-dependant models. Both secondorder beliefs and a participant’s sensitivity to guilt/reciprocity are relevant for the d...