Degree-day factors are widely used to estimate snowmelt runoff in operational hydrological models. Usually, they are calibrated on observed runoff, and sometimes on satellite snow cover data. In this paper, we propose a new method for estimating the snowmelt degree-day factor (DDFS) directly from MODIS snow covered area (SCA) and ground-based snow depth data without calibration. Subcatchment sn...

A low-power ROM-less Direct Digital Frequency Synthesis (DDFS) system that exceeds the spectral purity of existing low-power DDFS systems by approximately is presented. The design applies an analogue voltage to the CMOS differential current switch in one cell of a non-linear DAC to interpolate between the output values which would be available from a conventional non-linear DAC.

In this document we are presenting a new approach to design an optimised Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (DDFS) for complex demodulation used in digital receivers. For that, we suggest an adaptation of the phase to sine converter by combining the two following techniques: 1) an optimized COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm 2) the principle of Taylor series approximation...

A low-power quadrature direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) is presented. Piecewise linear approximation is used to avoid using a ROM look-up table to store the sine values in a conventional DDFS. Significant saving in power consumption, due to the elimination of the ROM, renders the design more suitable for portable wireless communication applications. To demonstrate the proposed techni...

In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified by genome-wide association study (GWAS) (MAP3K1, FGFR2, TNRC9, HCN1, and 5p12), and SNPs involved in the metabolism of estrogen (CYP19, COMT, ESR1, and UGT1A1), tamoxifen (CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A5, and CYP2D6), and chemotherapeutic agents (ABCB1, ALDH3A1, and CYP2B6) are associated with the prognoses of 414 ...

BACKGROUND Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been associated with favorable clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. However, the possibility that the prognostic significance of pCR differs among various definitions has not been established. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the pathologic response after NAC in 353 breast cancer patients and com...

PURPOSE T-box transcription factor 21 (T-bet) is a key lineage-defining transcription factor. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between expression in primary tumors and prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS T-protein expression was immunohistochemically detected on surgically-obtained tumor samples of 130 (stage I-III) invasive breast carcinomas from Chinese subjects, who...

A Software Defined Radio (SDR) is defined as a radio in which the receive digitization is performed at some stage downstream from the antenna, typically after wideband filtering, low noise amplification, and down conversion to a lower frequency in subsequent stages with a reverse process occurring for the transmit digitization. In an SDR, Digital Signal Processing in flexible and reconfigurable...

Manual counting of microvessels as intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) and Chalkley counting have been used in several studies to assess the prognostic impact of vascularity in invasive breast carcinomas. In our present study, the aim was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenesis in invasive breast carcinoma assessed by MVD and Chalkley techniques in the same series of patients. A tot...