INTRODUCTION Phantom-based (synchronous and asynchronous) and phantomless (internal tissue calibration based) assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) in routine MDCT (multidetector computed tomography) examinations potentially allows for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Although recent studies investigated the effects of contrast-medium application on phantom-calibrated BMD measurements, it remains ...

This paper investigates the performance of calibration techniques on synthetic Electroencephalography (EEG) data. Brain source localization was performed using an iterative algorithm. A transfer-function-based calibration technique was developed. This technique can be applied in two forms: external calibration and autocalibration. For a low density EEG array system, it was shown that the propos...

BACKGROUND Breast density is a significant breast cancer risk factor. Currently, there is no standard method for measuring this important factor. Work presented here represents an essential component of an ongoing project that seeks to determine the appropriate method for calibrating (standardizing) mammography image data to account for the x-ray image acquisition influences. Longer term goals ...

One of the many applications of micro computed tomography (microCT) is to accurately visualize and quantify cancellous bone microstructure. However, microCT based assessment of bone mineral density has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Specifically, the effects of varying imaging parameters, such as tube voltage (kVp), current (microA), integration time (ms), object to X-ray source distance (m...

Illumina high density genotypes (777,962 SNPs) were available on 3,122 dairy and beef bulls. Animals were partitioned into either a calibration or validation dataset to test the accuracy of imputation. All animals, irrespective of breed, born after 2005 (n=698) were assumed to represent the validation bulls. The high density genotypes were masked in the validation animals to represent a low den...

Crowdedness varies widely among U.S. cities. A simple, static general equilibrium model suggests that plausible differences in metro areas’ consumption amenities can account for much of the observed variation. Under a baseline calibration, differences in amenities valued at 30 percent of average consumption expenditures suffice to support a twenty-fold difference in population density. Empirica...

The problem of calibrating parametric sonar systems at low difference frequencies used in backscattering applications is addressed. A particular parametric sonar is considered: the Simrad TOPAS PS18 Parametric Sub-bottom Profiler. This generates difference-frequency signals in the band 0.5-6 kHz. A standard target is specified according to optimization conditions based on maximizing the target ...