Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by bees from the buds or other parts of plants. It known for having various biological properties, including antifungal activity. Among substances present in propolis, flavonoids and phenolic acids their esters are responsible its properties. This means that propolis ideal use as an agent alternative medicine to treat number both topical systemic in...

White superficial onychomycosis is less common than distal subungual onychomycosis and occurs when certain fungi invade the superficial layers of the nail plate directly. Later, the infection may move through the nail plate to infect the cornified layer of the nail bed and hyponychium. It can be recognized by the presence of welldelineated opaque “white islands” on the external nail plate, whic...

Tinea pedis and onychomycosis are two rather diverse clinical manifestations of superficial fungal infections, and their etiologic agents may be dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte moulds or yeasts. This study was designed to statistically describe the data obtained as results of analysis conducted during a four year period on the frequency of Tinea pedis and onychomycosis and their etiologic agent...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection which has been conducted in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology and to identify the aetiological factors of onychomycosis in Mazandaran province, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS During the period of 10 years (2003-2012) 1100 patients suspected with onychomycosis, referred to the Mycolo...

onychomycosis is a nail disorder associated with aesthetic problems, discomfort, physical injury and loss of dexterity. the purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify the causative fungi of onychomycosis in 2402 patients in kermanshah province, western iran in 1994 to 2010.mycologic assessment was carried out by standard methods including either microscopic or cultural procedures....

background and objectives: onychomycosis is a common fungal infection which has been conducted in many parts of the world. the aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology and to identify the aetiological factors of onychomycosis in mazandaran province, iran. materials and methods: during the period of 10 years (2003–2012) 1100 patients suspected with onychomycosis, referred to the mycolo...

BACKGROUND Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is involved in dermatophyte-induced scratching and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release from keratinocytes. We investigated whether PAR2-mediated LTB4 production is involved in dermatophyte-induced scratching. METHODS Dermatophyte extract was injected intradermally and scratching was observed in mice. LTB4 was determined by enzyme immunoassay. RESU...

Background: Onychomycosis is a very common and widespread disorder, however the incidence of onychomycosis in psoriatic patients is not accurately assessed. Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of fungal infections of the nails changed in the course of psoriasis and to provide an answer whether psoriatic nails are specially predisposed to fungal infections. Mate...

Correspondence: Dr. Sunil Kumar Gupta, Professor and Head, Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprology, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Background: Cutaneous fungal infections are one of the most common diseases in clinical practice. Superficial mycoses refers to fungal infection of skin and its appendages and includ...

master moulds are used to cast copper anode moulds. these iron moulds are made of grey or nodular cast irons. according to desirable properties of ductile irons, it was expected that ductile cast iron moulds could have performed their nominal life. but in service, these moulds have not performed their nominal life and they have experienced premature failures due to warping and cracking. also gr...