Almost all intensive row-crop ecosystems depend on external chemical inputs such as nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides for their high yields. This dependency has had important consequences for the environment and for ecosystem services (MEA 2005; Swinton et al. 2015a, Chapter 3 in this volume) that underpin these systems’ long-term sustainability (Robertson and Swinton 2005). Well-known conseq...

The digitalization of economic relations determines the particular importance personnel training on a qualitatively new technological basis, which is inextricably linked with study problem ecosystem designing for development universities in digital environment. foundations systems theory, theory education economics, methods system analysis, factor and mathematical modeling were used studying un...