The ability to prepare single-crystal faces has become central to developing and testing models for chemistry at interfaces, spectacularly demonstrated by heterogeneous catalysis and nanoscience. This ability has been hampered for hexagonal ice, Ih--a fundamental hydrogen-bonded surface--due to two characteristics of ice: ice does not readily cleave along a crystal lattice plane and properties ...

Trajectory tracking of nonlinear dynamical systems with affine open-loop controls is investigated. The control task is to enforce the system state to follow a prescribed desired trajectory as closely as possible. We introduce exactly realizable desired trajectories as these trajectories which can be tracked exactly by an appropriate control. Exactly realizable trajectories are characterized mat...

Whereas actual attitudes represent people's evaluations of specific objects as being good or bad, desired the attitude positions that people wish they held. Previous work has established can have psychological consequences, but not yet tested extent to which predict change. In five datasets involving a variety populations and procedural variations, we explored how political moral factors motiva...