conclusions based on our study, the prevalence of myopia is more than other types of refractive error, which is similar to that reported in previous studies on other school-age populations in some asian countries. the high prevalence of refractive error among school-age children indicated that untreated refractive error is one of the most common public health problems. patients and methods in t...

background and aim: pediatric obesity and overweight have become worldwide epidemics. iran is not an exemption in this regard. in the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in iran in relation to obesity in children, and an increasing rate of obesity has been reported in the iranian context. some of these studies have included an extensive domain covering several provinces, while oth...

Background: Diabetes can affects people in three deferent aspect; physical , social and psychological. Occurrence of type 1 diabetes is one of the most significant factors affecting the development of a child on many levels, including cognitive development. Several studies have proven that diabetes in children has a significant effect on neurocognitive function of the brain and low academic ach...

conclusions the results suggest that massage reduced hospitalization anxiety, pr, and bp. therefore, we propose that nurses can use massage to reduce anxiety in school-age children in hospital. this method has no side-effects and is easily applicable. background the outcomes of hospitalization anxiety are mental health disorders. one of the methods of anxiety reduction is massage, which can cau...

This study explored the influence of family behaviors on self-care, quality of life (QoL), and metabolic control in school-age children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Ninety-nine participants were recruited in the midsouth from a health science center and an affiliated diabetes camp. Warm and caring family behaviors predicted self-care behaviors and aspects of QoL for the participants. A...

BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes occurs more frequently in younger children who are often pre-school age and enter the education system with diabetes-related support needs that evolve over time. It is important that children are supported to optimally manage their diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring and insulin regime at school. Young people self-manage at college/university. METHOD Theory-inf...

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood (1). There are approximately 200,000 individuals ,20 years of age with diabetes in the U.S. (2). The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study recently reported that 1.93 per 1,000 (aged ,20 years) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, an increase of 21% from 2001 to 2009. Increases in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes were seen ...

UNLABELLED AIM : Current studies show that diabetic patients are at greater risk of developing psychiatric disorders than general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of depressive symptoms in school-aged children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS The study involved 477 children with T1D, with mean age of 13.1 ± 2.7 years and mean diabetes duration of 5.0 ± 3.5 ye...

AIM To study the neurobehavioural effects that diabetes during pregnancy might have on children by school age. METHODS The neurobehavioural function of 57 school age children born to 48, well controlled diabetic mothers was compared with 57 control children matched for age, birth order, and parental socioeconomic status, using several cognitive, behavioural, sensory and motor neurological tes...

D iabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood (1). There are 186,300 individuals 20 years of age with diabetes in the U.S. Based on 2002–2003 data, the rate of new type 1 diabetes cases was 19.0 per 100,000 children and of type 2 diabetes was 5.3 per 100,000 (2). The majority of these young people attend school and/or some type of day care and need knowledgeable staff to pro...