Iterated line digraphs have some good properties in relation to the design of interconnection networks. The diameter vulnerability of a digraph is the maximum diameter of the subdigraphs obtained by deleting a ,xed number of vertices or arcs. This parameter is related to the fault-tolerance of interconnection networks. In this work, we introduce some new parameters in order to ,nd new bounds fo...

Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh.) is an important forest tree, with elite genotypes propagated mainly as unrooted dormant cuttings. Several areas where P. planted periodically experience flooding episodes. The aims of this work were to analyze the early rooting capability and tolerance a full-sib family, identify growth, wood, leaf traits that correlate tolerance. We analy...

the metal sheets play an important role in the mechanical design, particularly in the aerospace structures. the rivet connections are frequently used to connect these sheets. the riveting quality greatly influences the rupture of the rivet and the sheet. the various parameters affect the quality of this operation. in this paper, the optimization of the parameters contributing to the riveting qu...

BACKGROUND There is an increasing interest in the study of microorganisms that inhabit extreme environments for reasons that vary from gaining insight into the origin of life to the searching of new biotechnological applications. AIMS In this work, we studied the tolerance of fungi isolated from the Aguas Agrias Stream (AAS; Tharsis, Huelva, Spain), an acidic metal-rich environment, to a cult...

BACKGROUND Nitrates are widely used to treat coronary artery disease, but their therapeutic value is compromised by the rapid development of tolerance. Recently, the renin-angiotensin system has been suggested to play an important role in the development of nitrate tolerance. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-four patients with coronary spastic angina were investigated to clarify the effect of angiot...

Tooth enamel has the critical role of enabling the mastication of food and also of protecting the underlying vital dentin and pulp structure. Unlike most vital tissue, enamel has no ability to repair or remodel and as such has had to develop robust damage tolerance to withstand contact fatigue events throughout the lifetime of a species. To achieve such behaviour, enamel has evolved a complex h...

The drilling is well known as one of the most common hole making processes in the industry.Due to close tolerance requirement for drilled holes in the most of work pieces, onlinecontrolling of the diameter of drilled holes seems to be necessary. In the current work, an onlinedimensional controlling system was developed for drilling process. Doing this, drilling processwas executed in different ...