PURPOSE We evaluated the performance of organ contour propagation from a planning computed tomography to cone-beam computed tomography with deformable image registration by comparing contours to manual contouring. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen patients were retrospectively identified based on showing considerable physical change throughout the course of treatment. Multiple organs in the 3 reg...

PURPOSE To compare target volume delineation of anal cancer using positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with respect to inter-observer and inter-modality variability. METHODS Nineteen patients with anal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy were prospectively included. Planning computed tomography (CT) images were co-registered with 18F-fluorodexocyglucose (FDG...

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an economically important leafy vegetable crop in many countries. This is the first case study of using SRAP markers to analyze genetic diversity of Iranian spinach accessions. Eight SRAP primer combinations generated 88 scorable bands ranging from 50 to 1000 bp, among which 73 were polymorphic, with an average of 82.9 polymorphic bands per primer combination a...

Abstract –Information filtering systems have a vital role in exploiting the flurry of information that keeps on growing exponentially. This study focuses on improving the performance of genetic algorithms based information filtering. In GA, the fitness function is the performance measure for relevance judgement. Being the backbone of the evaluation process the selection of fitness function is v...

Document retrieval is the process of matching of some sated user query against a set of free-text records (documents), its one major technique for organizing and managing information. This project was concerned with studying which of the different statistical measures in IR have the most effectiveness on document retrieval using a unified set of documents. The results show that the Cosine Simil...

genetic diversity is the basis success of improving the quality and quantity of crops. recognizing of genetic diversity and genetic potential of each plant species in plant breeding is necessary. in this study genetic diversity of 30 lentil samples belonging to collection of the college of agriculture of krage were evaluated using rapd molecular markers. rapd products were scored for presence (...

Pairwise similarity coefficients are downward biased when samples only record presences and sampling is partial. A simple but forgotten index proposed by Stephen Forbes in 1907 can help solve this problem. His original equation requires knowing the number of species absent in both samples that could have been present. It is proposed that this count should simply be ignored and that the coeffici...

Entropies such as the Shannon /Wiener and Gini /Simpson indices are not themselves diversities. Conversion of these to effective number of species is the key to a unified and intuitive interpretation of diversity. Effective numbers of species derived from standard diversity indices share a common set of intuitive mathematical properties and behave as one would expect of a diversity, while raw i...

The impact of long-term grassland management regimes on microbial community structure in soils was assessed using multivariate analysis of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) banding patterns of selected bacterial groups and PLFA (phospholipid fatty acid) profiling. The management regimes assessed were inorganic nitrogen (N) fertiliser application and so...