ammonium ions wastewater pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. the treatment of ammonium ions is a special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. in recent years, various methods for ammonium ion removal from wastewater have been extensively studied. this paper reviews the current methods that have been used to treat ammonium ...

It is quite likely that the origins of prayer are to be found in ancient mourning and bereavement rites. Primeval ritual prayer was codified and handed down socially to become a deep-rooted feature of people‟s cultural behavior, so much so, that it may surface again several years later, in the face of death, danger, need, even in the case of relapse from faith and religious practice. Modes of p...

Organizations, Diffused Pivotality and Immoral Outcomes This paper studies how organizational design affects moral outcomes. Subjects face the decision to either kill mice for money or to save mice. We compare a Baseline treatment where subjects are fully pivotal to a Diffused-Pivotality treatment where subjects simultaneously choose in groups of eight. In the latter condition eight mice are ki...

Organizations, Diffused Pivotality and Immoral Outcomes Armin Falk and Nora Szech This paper studies how organizational design affects moral outcomes. Subjects face the decision to either kill mice for money or to save mice. We compare a Baseline treatment where subjects are fully pivotal to a Diffused-Pivotality treatment where subjects simultaneously choose in groups of eight. In the latter c...

While some environmental problems in the Great Lakes have been ameliorated in the last few decades, others have not. One problem that still resists solution is urban nonpoint source pollution: contaminated runoff from impervious surfaces (such as roads, parking lots, and roofs), and from other sources, such as lawns and construction sites. This form of pollution is rooted in fundamental aspects...