Two-color whole-mount in situ hybridization is a powerful technique for comparing the spatial expression patterns of two genes in developing embryos or within a given adult tissue. Many current procedures use two genespecific antisense RNA probes, each incorporating a different chemical moiety that is recognized by a specific antibody. Typically, the first gene-specific RNA probe is labeled wit...

Abstract. Background. Due to the fact that now many new forms of poultry are created by crossing existing breeds and populations, a comprehensive genetic analysis hybrid chickens as ground for further breeding work is particular importance. Aim. To study features population organization genomes inter-breed chicken hybrids. Materials methodology. The experimental was based on use an oligonucleot...

macrophage colony stimulating factor (m-csf) has previously been shown to affect the differentiation of cells of the mono-nuclear phagocytic line. more recent studies indicate that m-csf may have a role in pregnancy. in the present study, the expression of m-csf in the human placenta was demonstrated. placental mrna was isolated and used as template for synthesis of complementary dna (cdna). th...

An unidentified myxosporean parasite (CKX) is described from the kidney of approximately 80% of spawning coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum) in British Columbia, Canada and Washington, United States of America. Morphological features were described using light and electron microscopy. Sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified 18S ribosomal RNA gene and in situ hybridisation...

Gel mobility shift analysis using P-labeled DNA probes is a powerful and fast method to analyse sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, mainly transcription and enhancer factors. We routinely use this method to determine the quality of purified steroid hormone receptors, namely the rat glucocorticoid receptor and the rabbit progesterone receptor, with regard to DNA-binding. To overcome the vari...

We have investigated the position of the 5 S gene clusters in the nuclei of Pisum sativum root tip cells, and of their transcripts in the nucleolus, using in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy. Single-stranded RNA probes were produced by in vitro transcription, incorporating fluorescein or digoxygenin label. There are known to be 3 pairs of 5 S gene clusters in this species, which would...

During spermiogenesis, the histone-to-protamine replacement causes the compaction of the spermatid chromatin. The genes for protamines, PRM-1 and PRM-2, are transcribed in round and elongating spermatids. The transcripts are stored in a translationally-repressed state by the binding of protein repressors before being translated in elongating and elongated spermatids. RNA extracts from homogeniz...

OBJECTIVE The transition from quiescence to proliferation in vitro is accompanied by early expression of proliferation-associated genes encoding products including cytokines and enzymes. We aimed to investigate TGF-beta1, u-PA and PAI-1 gene expressions in relation to proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein gene expressions in porcine arteries following injury. METHODS Right ilia...

Whole mount in situ hybridization is a very informative approach for defining gene expression patterns in embryos. The in situ hybridization procedures are lengthy and technically demanding with multiple important steps that collectively contribute to the quality of the final result. This protocol describes in detail several key quality control steps for optimizing probe labeling and performanc...