Optimal tax theory has shown that, under simple assumptions, indirect taxation such as production subsidies, tariffs, or differentiated commodity taxation, are sub-optimal and that redistribution should be achieved solely with the direct income tax. However, these important results of optimal tax theory, namely production efficiency and uniform commodity taxation under nonlinear income taxation...

The objectives of the study are to analyze future direct taxation digital economy in field corporate income tax. Digitalization has grown steadily, spreading all areas, especially economic sector, i.e. activity carried out by taxpayers. In this context development not only at a national level, but also European or global there is need which state responsible for taxing profits obtained through ...

OBJECTIVE We examine the potential role for taxation in the tobacco endgame in New Zealand, where the goal is to become 'smokefree' (less than 5% smoking prevalence) by 2025. DESIGN Modelling study using a dynamic population model. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS New Zealand, Māori and non-Māori men and women. INTERVENTIONS Annual increases in tobacco excise tax of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (with 10%...

In this paper, we employed multivariate econometric analysis approach to study the relationship between taxation and income inequality in Nigeria. The study was a country-specific approach using tax and macroeconomic data from 1980 to 2011. We collected data from the Central Bank of Nigeria Publications, Federal Inland Revenue Service, World Bank and Index Mundi. We estimated the data using a c...

This reply addresses the issues raised by Dougherty in response to my 1999 article in this journal. I also develop a new graphical model of the optimal collection rate under the Articles, where states made contributions, and contrast it to the revenue potential from direct taxation. I believe that despite Dougherty’s criticisms, my argument remains valid. While the Articles were not perfect in ...

Most people accept that structural and labour market reforms are needed in Europe. However few have been undertaken. The usual conjecture is that reforms are costly in economic performance and costly to finance. Blanchard and Giavazzi (2003) and Spector (2004) develop a general equilibrium model with imperfect competition to show the impact of labour or product market deregulation. We extend th...

In a standard model of the intertemporal labour supply/consumption/saving decision, with weak separability between consumption and leisure in each period; identical preferences across households; and a Mirrlees optimal nonlinear tax on labour earnings; the Atkinson-Stiglitz Theorem (AS) implies that there is no case for taxing future consumption and therefore the return to saving. An extension ...