In this paper, Shortest Path Design Problem (SPDP) in which the path is incident to all cells is considered. The bi-directional path is one of the known types of configuration of networks for Automated Guided Vehi-cles (AGV).To solve this problem, two algorithms are developed. For each algorithm an Integer Linear Pro-gramming (ILP) is determined. The objective functions of both algorithms are t...

We propose a learning-based method for light-path construction in path tracing algorithms, which iteratively optimizes and samples from what we refer to as spatio-directional Gaussian mixture models (SDMMs). In particular, approximate incident radiance an online-trained 5D that is accelerated by D-tree. Using the same framework, BSDFs pre-trained D mixtures, where number of BSDF parameters. Suc...

This paper discusses global area optical transport ring networks using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technologies and proposes a novel optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) architecture suitable for such an application field. Study on the requirements of a global area ring application elucidates the appropriate ring/ protection architecture as the path switched bi-directional ring. The p...

This paper investigates the impact of using directional antennas and beamforming schemes on the connectivity of cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs). Specifically, considering that secondary users use two kinds of directional antennas, i.e., uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform circular array (UCA) antennas, and two different beamforming schemes, i.e., randomized beamforming and center-di...

A class of uni-directional Cayley graphs based on alternating groups is proposed in this paper. It is shown that this class of graphs is strongly connected and recursively scalable. The analysis of the shortest distance between any pair of nodes in a graph of this class is also given. Based on the analysis, we develop a polynomial time routing algorithm which yields a path distance at most one ...

Many animals rely on path integration for navigation and desert ants are the champions. On leaving the nest, ants continuously integrate their distance and direction of travel so that they always know their current distance and direction from the nest and can take a direct path to home. Distance information originates from a step-counter and directional information is based on a celestial compa...

Swimming cells typically move along a helical path or undergo longitudinal rotation as they swim, arising from chiral asymmetry in hydrodynamic drag or propulsion bending the swimming path into a helix. Helical paths are beneficial for some forms of chemotaxis, but why asymmetric shape is so prevalent when a symmetric shape would also allow highly directional swimming is unclear. Here, I analys...

Bi-directional WDM transmission is a technique that allows data to be transmitted simultaneously in both directions of a fiber, with different sets of wavelength channels for each direction. Compared with unidirectional WDM systems, it not only saves the cost of deploying extra fibers, but also allows more flexible bandwidth provisioning. To exploit this flexibility, we investigate path protect...