From fast-food value meals to buy one get one free deals at the grocery store, bundled discounts are in virtually every market. Bundled discounts encompass several different discounts, but the most common understanding of bundled discounts occurs when multiple products are sold together for less than the total price of the products sold individually. Bundled discounts can provide a variety of e...

Prior to 1863, state chartered banks in the United States issued notes — dollar-denominated promises to pay specie to the bearer on demand. Although these notes circulated at par locally, they usually were quoted at the discount outside the local area. These discounts varied by both the location of the bank and the location where the discount was being quoted. Further, these discounts were asym...

We show how group discounts can be offered without forcing buyers to surrender their anonymity, as long as buyers can use their own computing devices (e.g. smartphone, tablet or computer) to perform a purchase. Specifically, we present a protocol for privacy-preserving group discounts. The protocol allows a group of buyers to prove how many they are without disclosing their identities. Coupled ...

Determining an order quantity when quantity discounts are available is a major interest of material managers. A supplier offering quantity discounts is a common strategy to entice the buyers to purchase more. In this paper, EOQ models with incremental discounts and either full or partial backordering are developed for the first time. Numerical examples illustrate the proposed models and solutio...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to provide an overview about the existence and types of discounts and rebates granted to public payers by the pharmaceutical industry in European countries. METHODS Data were collected via a questionnaire in spring 2011. Officials from public authorities for pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement represented in the PPRI (Pharmaceutical Pricing and R...

The Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act of 2006 (PAEA) fundamentally altered the U.S. Postal Service by introducing enhanced pricing flexibility, profit incentives, and potential antitrust liability. PAEA also mandated a change from breakeven, cost-of-service regulation where revenues must equal costs over time to price cap regulation. The Postal Service can now introduce new or modify ex...

We consider a two-period model with two sellers and one buyer in which the efficient outcome calls for the buyer to purchase one unit from each seller in each period. We show that when the buyer’s valuations between periods are linked by switching costs and at least one seller is financially constrained, there exist plausible conditions under which exclusion arises as the unique equilibrium out...

Quantity “forcing” refers to pricing schemes that reward a buyer for purchasing some threshold quantity from a firm. When there are significant scale economies and buyers are unable to coordinate, economic theory shows that a firm can profitably use quantity forcing to exclude rivals, reducing overall welfare and harming some buyers. Inducements to reach the quantity threshold may be provided t...

ABSTRACT
 
 The purpose of the study is to find out: (1) effect Shope Discounts on buying interest in Sragen City, (2) Effect Product Quality at Shopee, (3) Price interest, (4) Discounts, quality and prices Shopee. This a quantative with data obtained by as many 100 respondents from questionnaire. conclusions this are: results t test (partial) show that discounts product have signific...