plague is an infectious disease transmitted from rodents to humans. this disease is considered an endemic disease in western iran. the last officially reported case of human plague in iran was in 1965. in the last few decades, human plague has been reported in iran’ neighboring countries. also, according to some recent evidence witnessing infected rodents in western iran, it is probable to have...

background: following the outbreak of eltor cholera in iraq’s kurdistan, iran was threatened through the western border. therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the health system response of marivan city in kurdistan province (iran) as a risky gateway for the outbreak of eltor cholera epidemic in iran. materials and methods: this cross-sectional study was implemented in marivan ...

CONTENTS Introduction: an international workshop on the global burden of COPD K.R. Chapman, A.S. Buist, D.M. Mannino, J.B. Soriano and P.A. Vermeire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Worldwide epidemiology of COPD and BOLD A.S. Buist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Surveillance of COPD:...

The Situated Action approach to AI emphasizes the role of the environment in the generation and control of behavior; see (Norman 1993) for an introduction. Work to date has focused mainly on activity within spatially and temporally localized environments such as kitchens and video games (Agre & Chapman 1987; Agre & Horswill 1992). How useful is this perspective when larger-scale activities are ...

Disease outbreak detection, monitoring and notification systems play an important role in assessing threats to public health since disease outbreaks are becoming increasingly common world-wide. There are several systems in use around the world, with coverage of national, international and global disease outbreaks. These systems use different taxonomies and classifications for the detection and ...

sir, the 2014 outbreak of ebola virus disease has beendeclared as an international public health emergencyand since inception, the disease has accounted for almost27,550 cases and 11,235 associated deaths till the endof june 2015 in the affected countries.[1] a wide rangeof factors like lack of preparedness,[2] weak public healthsystem,[3] ineffective diagnostic and case managementservices,[4] ...