This Article examines the doctrine of originality in U.S. copyright law and proposes a reconfigured, three-part test that can better analyze issues of first impression involving works created with new digital technologies. The proposed test, encapsulated by the concept of digital originality, provides much needed guidance to courts to address the increasing complexities of digital creations in ...

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes can be applied to many different types of communication systems such as video broadcasting and satellite communications. However, the performance of the codes in practice may deviate a lot from the theoretical limits, achievable only by codes with infinite length. In this thesis, we will conduct a detailed investigation on the performance of short-length LD...

introduction one of the most important factors that encourages consumers to purchase goods or use services, and make them choose one of them among various goods and services, is the design of products and services or their packaging. due to this importance, intellectual property rights protect the design of goods and services or their packaging. however, this protection is not limited to one br...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to point out the distinction between needs which marketing aims to satisfy, and the consumers’ true needs for their own health and safety. While marketing professionals might cite consumer satisfaction as serving consumers, they are mistaking marketing for morality. Design/methodology/approach – Gives reference to some articles of recent research literatur...

The recently recognized aetosaur Tecovasuchus chatterjeei Martz and Small occurs at several localities in lower Chinle Group strata across Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. Based on lithostratigraphic correlation and other vertebrate occurrences, all Tecovasuchus occurrences are of Adamanian age. Indeed, all occurrences are consistent with assignment to the St. Johnsian sub-land vertebrate faunac...

PURPOSE This article explores the participation of healthcare managers in professional development (PD) activities, the reasons for seeking PD and the perceived support of their organizations in terms of reward and recognition. METHODOLOGY An exploratory survey was emailed to current and past members of three professional associations who share similar missions "to provide educational and net...