Due to increasing attention from consumers on non-bovine milk types, and to the increase in the number of small dairy donkey farms in Italy, farmers require more advanced and reliable processing devices, in order to guarantee a safe product of high quality. To this aim, a new small-scale High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) pasteurizer (72 °C for 15 s), prototyped by the authors, was tested on do...

Domestication of the donkey from the African wild ass transformed ancient transport systems in Africa and Asia and the organization of early cities and pastoral societies. Genetic research suggests an African origin for the donkey, but pinpointing the timing and location of domestication has been challenging because donkeys are uncommon in the archaeological record and markers for early phases ...

thoracic duct is a duct that drains the lymph from the cisterna chily into the venous angle of the cranial vena vava. thoracic duct in the horse is situated on the right side, but in rare cases the left thoracic duct has been reported. in this report the course and left position of the thoracic duct in an embalmed donkey is described. regarding many anatomical similarities between horse and don...

Maps, tables and graphs are presented to illustrate trends in donkey populations in the world, with emphasis on Africa, Asia and Latin America. Most data derive from information collated and published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Although national estimates of donkey populations are seldom accurate, they illustrate broad trends. There are estimated to be...

We prove NP-hardness results for five of Nintendo’s largest video game franchises: Mario, Donkey Kong, Legend of Zelda, Metroid, and Pokémon. Our results apply to generalized versions of Super Mario Bros. 1–3, The Lost Levels, and Super Mario World; Donkey Kong Country 1–3; all Legend of Zelda games; all Metroid games; and all Pokémon role-playing games. In addition, we prove PSPACE-completenes...

In 1998, a newly identified bacterium Taylorella asinigenitalis was isolated from the external genitalia and reproductive tracts of nurse mares, a stallion and donkey jacks in Kentucky. An extensive regulatory effort was implemented to contain the outbreak including the tracing and testing of 232 horses and donkeys on 58 premises. T. asinigenitalis was isolated from the reproductive tract of 10...

There are two main approaches to the problem of donkey anaphora (e.g. John owns a donkey. He beats it). Proponents of Discourse Representation Theory (Kamp 1981, Heim 1982) revise quantification so as to allow an existential quantifier to bind a pronoun which is not within its syntactic scope which yields a formal link between the quantifier and the pronoun, as is illustrated in (1)a. By contra...

We prove NP-hardness results for five of Nintendo’s largest video game franchises: Mario, Donkey Kong, Legend of Zelda, Metroid, and Pokémon. Our results apply to Super Mario Bros. 1, 3, Lost Levels, and Super Mario World; Donkey Kong Country 1–3; all Legend of Zelda games except Zelda II: The Adventure of Link; all Metroid games; and all Pokémon role-playing games. For Mario and Donkey Kong, w...

Lappin and Francez (1994) present a theory of donkey anaphora which, they claim, captures both their existential and their universal readings, while maintaining a uniform representation of donkey pronouns. This paper shows that their analysis does not in fact assign the correct truth conditions to donkey sentences and so does not account correctly for the distribution of readings. An alternativ...

Colla corii asini (CCA) is a protein-based traditional Chinese medicine made from donkey skins. Because it has the ability to nourish blood, its demand is increasing rapidly. The shortage of donkey skins increases the risk of the adulteration of CCA products with other animal skins. To ensure the drug efficacy and safety of CCA products, a proteomics technique was applied to reveal proteins in ...