Introduction: The induction of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) toward dopaminergic neurons is a major challenge in tissue engineering and experimental and clinical treatments of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease. This study aims to differentiate HUC-MSCs into dopaminergic neuron-like cells. Methods: Following the isolation and charac...

Objective(s): The main characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is their ability to produce other cell types. Electromagnetic field (EMF) stimulates differentiation of MSCs into other cells. In this study, we investigated whether EMF can effect on the differentiation of MSCs into dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Materials and Methods: An EMF with a frequency of 50 Hz and two intensities of 40 ...

introduction: oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in neurodegeneration procedure in parkinson’s disease. recently, neuroprotective potential of boswellia resin has been demonstrated. therefore, this study examined whether administration of boswellia resin would attenuate mpp+- induced neuronal death in sk-n-sh- cell line, a human dopaminergic neurons- in vitro. methods: boswelli...

abstract background and objective: parkinson's disease (pd) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with massive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) substitution is still the gold standard therapy for pd. however, there has been little information available on neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for pd. due to the neu...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease that affects 3% of the population. PD involves a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and subsequent loss of dopamine. Dopamine depletion leads to movement dysfunction and is accompanied with tremor, rigid muscle...

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are collectively implicated in motor- and reward-related behaviors. However, dopaminergic SN and VTA neurons differ on several functional levels, and dopaminergic SN neurons themselves vary in their intrinsic electrical properties, neurochemical characteristics and connections. This heterogeneity is not only impo...

Dopaminergic neurons play key roles in the CNS, mediating basic mechanisms of vision, movement, motivation, and mood. The most accessible dopaminergic neurons of the vertebrate CNS are the dopaminergic amacrine cells of the retina. Here, we have characterized the intrinsic neural activity, synaptic input, and light responses of retinal dopaminergic neurons in situ, using targeted electrophysiol...

Introduction: Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in neurodegeneration procedure in Parkinson’s disease. Recently, neuroprotective potential of Boswellia resin has been demonstrated. Therefore, this study examined whether administration of Boswellia resin would attenuate MPP+- induced neuronal death in SK-N-SH- cell line, a human dopaminergic neurons- in vitro. Methods: Boswelli...