OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to reveal the quality of published data and the effect size of DPFs compared to rigid fixation in lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA since 2002, several dynamic pedicle fixation (DPF) systems have been developed with the aim to stabilize the spine without the undesirable effects of rigid lumbar spine fixation. Nearly ten years later, there are s...

Automobile emissions are significantly dependent on the after-treatment system performance, which is partly determined by exhaust temperature. Regarding diesel passenger cars, systems generally include oxidation catalyst (DOC), particulate filter (DPF), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The layouts affect their temperature variations because of heat loss thermal capacity tailpipes system...

The sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is one of the most valuable aquatic species. color body wall and appearance are important for value cucumbers. To examine expression pattern long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (LCAD), nuclear distribution C-containing protein 3 (NUDCD3), receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-1 (TIE1), previously reported as differently expressed genes during pigmentation w...

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is an organic contaminant that is ubiquitous in the environment. Few studies have assessed the behavioral effects of chronic PFOS exposure in aquatic organisms. The present study defined the behavioral effects of varying life span chronic exposures to PFOS in zebrafish. Specifically, zebrafish were exposed to control or 0.5 µM PFOS during 1 to 20, 21 to 120,...

Background: Delayed pleural effusion (DPF) is an understudied complication of rib fractures. Many DPF are not treated unless symptomatic, however, the consequences of DPF in the elderly has not been discussed in current literature. We sought to investigate the characteristics of rib fracture DPF, its associated outcomes, and implications for management in geriatric trauma patients. Methods: A r...

Culicoides sonorensis biting midges are confirmed vectors of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), which causes mortality in white-tailed deer and ruminant populations. Currently, of the seven EHDV serotypes, only 1, 2, and 6 are detected in the USA, and very few studies have focused on the infection time course of these serotypes within the midge. The objective of this current research w...

Swimming stamina in adult fish is heritable, it is unknown if inherited traits that support enhanced swimming stamina in offspring appear only in juveniles and/or adults, or if these traits actually appear earlier in the morphologically quite different larvae. To answer this question, mature adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were subjected to a swimming performance test that allowed separation into...

Achieving substantial reductions in the exposure of underground miners to diesel particulate matter in a number of metal and nonmetal mines in the U.S. depends on the ability of the industry to widely implement advanced diesel emissions control technologies, primarily diesel particulate filter (DPF) systems. Recent field studies showed that diesel particulate filter systems with Cordierite and ...

Acoustic models (AMs) of an HMM-based classifier include various types of hidden variables such as gender type, speaking rate, and acoustic environment. If there exists a canonicalization process that reduces the influence of the hidden variables from the AMs, a robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) system can be realized. In this paper, we describe the configuration of a canonicalization p...

Epoxy-date palm fiber (DPF) composites have been synthesized and characterized successfully with various reinforced ratios of DPF (i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20 wt%), where the mixture Epoxy–DPF is poured into different prepared silicone molds. The first type silicon molds to produce samples conduct mechanical tests impact, creep, tensile). When ratio increased in Epoxy matrix, a significant improvement ...