conclusions although the patients carrying m204i mutation were more likely to show lack of responses to lam therapy, lam replacing by other nucleoside/tide analogs plus hbig maybe still effective in decreasing hepatitis b recurrence after liver transplantation. however, it is suggested that drug resistance test should be considered by clinicians during therapeutic management to avoid the follow...

antimalarial drugs with the 4-aminoquinoline scaffold such as the important drugs, chloroquine (cq) and amodiaquine (aq), have been used to prevent and treat malaria for many years. the importance of these drugs is related to their simple usage, high efficacy, affordability, and cost-effectiveness of their synthesis. in recent years, with the spread of parasite resistance to cq and cross-resist...

nowadays the most difficult problem in treatment of bacterial infections is the appearance of resistant bacteria to the antimicrobial agents so that the attention is being drawn to other potential targets. in view of the positive findings of phage therapy, many advantages have been mentioned which utilizes phage therapy over chemotherapy and it seems to be a promising agent to replace the antib...

a hundred and five strains of salmonella havana were studied from the patients of pediatric hospital of tehran and tabriz during 1976-86. the sources of the strains in order to their frequency were from-stool, blood, spinal, fluid, wound and urine. from the epidemiological point of view salmonella havana is serotype of most non-typhoid salmonella. all of the strains had drug resistancy and most...

acinetobacter lwoffii, an important nosocomial pathogen, is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus that is a component of the normal flora on the skin, oropharynx, and perineum of about 20-25% of healthy individuals. we herein present a case of a 66-year-old man with combined mitral and aortic valve endocarditis associated with multi-drug resistance acinetobacter lowffii bacteremia.

conclusions it was the first report on the blactx-m-15 gene emergence in clinical enterobacter spp. in iran. the current study demonstrated the predominant presence of the gene encoding ctx-m-15 among esbl producing enterobacter spp. commonly with a large plasmid, in the setting. background enterobacter spp. is increasingly recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen and implicated in many e...

to study the resistance to standard dosage of clopidogrel among iranian patients following percutaneous coronary intervention measured by platelet aggregation test.patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in imam hussein medical center, tehran, iran, who were under treatment with aspirin, but had no history of clopidogrel usage, entered the study. patients received standard dosage...

emerging new medications in the treatment of hbv produces hope and promises for curing of hbv. over the past decade, the development of oral nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (nas) with favorable potencies and tolerabilities has led to substantial advances in chronic hepatitis b (chb) therapy. the oral anti-hbv agents currently approved are lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil , entecavir , telbivudine, ...

background and objective: implementation of standard methods for accurate detection of bacteria, correct antibiotic susceptibility testing and effective treatment of bacterial infections play important roles in development of public health and prevention of drug resistance. this study aimed to detect bacteria using standard methods and compare the results with the results obtained in teaching h...

objective: the use of antiretroviral drugs has proven remarkably effective in controlling the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease, but these benefits can be compromised by the development of drug resistance. this study aims to assess the drug resistance profile of the pr gene in highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart)-treated and naïve hiv-1 infected patients. metho...