BACKGROUND Although ferns are often known under collective names in Norway, e.g. blom, a substantial number of vernacular names for individual fern species are known, in particular for useful or poisonous taxa. In the past, the rhizomes (Norwegian: moldfôr) of selected species were collected for fodder. Only scattered records of such use are available from southern Norway, and the tradition's c...

A method is described to determine germination by blue-light excited red fluorescence in the positively photoblastic spores of Dryopteris paleacea Sw. This fluorescence is due to chlorophyll as evidenced from 1) a fluorescence-emission spectrum in vivo, where a bright fluorescence around 675 nm is obtained only in red light (R)-irradiated spores and 2) in vitro measurements with acetone extrac...

The present study was designed to explore the flavonoid contents and the radical scavenging activities of 50% ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, rachis and roots of Dryopteris erythrosora. The total flavonoid contents in various parts were determined as: stems > roots > rachis > leaves. All extracts from different parts of D. erythrosora showed strong bioactivities. The DPPH free radical scaven...

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common and one of the highest degree of malignancy of the tumor. It has the fifth highest incidence rate in the world, and its mortality rates ranked the third (Parkin, 2001). Currently, most chemotherapeutic agents in clinical use currently are effective in combating cancer cells, but they also induce various adverse effects (Roy et al., 2005). Chemotherape...

We present a novel approach to the out of vocabulary (OOV) query problem for audio indexing. Our technique first builds a word index for the audio using speech recognition. It then expands query words into in-vocabulary phrases according to intrinsic acoustic confusability and language model scores. The aim is to mimic the mistakes the speech recognizer makes when transcribing the OOV words. We...

A classification system of the Colchic spruce-fir forests (the Western Caucasus) was developed using Brawn-Blanquet method. Two new associations Dryopterido caucasicae–Abietetum nordmannianae ass. nov., Pruno laucerasi–Abietetum nov. and alliance caucasicae–Abietion all. were proposed after comparative syntaxonomic analysis dark coniferous from Euxine province. Diagnostic species are Acer pseud...

dryopteris expansa (c.pres l.) fraser- jenkins & jermy is reported at the first time for fern flora of iranfrom pice-son forests, asalem to khalkhal road in the hyrcanian phytogeographia region. it's most distinctivemorphological character is the presence of rachis, white petiole, three pinnate lamina, rectangular pinnules,scales with darker band in the middle part. dryopteris expansa is s...