Abstract This paper analyses the factors that affect duration of economic downturns using data for growth (acceleration) cycles 13 industrialised countries over period 1950–2018. Our findings show downturn periods die old age. We also find when trading partners are in a downturn, country’s is likely to be shorter, outcome common stabilisation mechanisms or terms trade changes. Additionally, mor...

Background: Hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICU).Herein, we aimed to investigate the relationship of hyperglycemia duration with mortality and ventilator dependence in infants admitted to NICU.Methods: In this original retrospective study, data was collected between October 2015 and December 2015 from NICU of Dr. Sheikh Children’s Hos...

results mean age of the participants was about 35 years, and mean duration of marriage was 14 years. drug dependence of the husband (p = 0.010) and lower monthly income of the family (p = 0.007) predicted the higher level of anxiety among the participants, while older age (p = 0.031), shorter marital duration (p = 0.016), and lower educational level (p = 0.045) in addition to spousal drug depen...

In this paper, we discuss discrete-time tests for duration dependence. Two of our test statistics are new to the econometrics literature, and we make an important distinction between the discrete and continuous time frameworks. We then test for duration dependence in business and stock market cycles, and compare our results for business cycles with those of Diebold and Rudebusch (1990, 1991). O...

We use a Monte Carlo study to examine the consequences of using continuous distribution models to test for duration dependence when the data are reported in a discrete format. This specification error leads to mistaken evidence of duration dependence for sample sizes and parameter values likely to arise in empirical studies. We present and evaluate an approach that circumvents the misspecificat...