A laboratory model system with the rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea Pass.) on apple seedlings was developed to study the effects of homeopathic preparations on this apple pest. The assessment included the substance Lycopodium clavatum and a nosode of the rosy apple aphid. Each preparation was applied on the substrate surface as aqueous solution of granules (6c, 15c, or 30c). Controls were...

The asymmetric unit of the title complex, (C(9)H(15)N(2))(2)[Ni(C(4)N(2)S(2))(2)], comprises one 4-dimethyl-amino-1-ethyl-pyri-din-ium cation and one half of a [Ni(mnt)(2)](2-) (mnt(2-) = maleo-nitrile-dithiol-ate) anion; the complete anion is generated by the application of a centre of inversion. The Ni(II) ion is coordinated by four S atoms of two mnt(2-) ligands and exhibits a square-planar ...

We used eight microsatellite loci and a set of 20 aphid samples to investigate the spatial and temporal genetic structure of rosy apple aphid populations from 13 apple orchards situated in four different regions in France. Genetic variability was very similar between orchard populations and between winged populations collected before sexual reproduction in the fall and populations collected fro...

Reinhold Deml Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie II, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Z. Naturforsch. 56c, 89-94 (2001); received September 12/October 18, 2000 Chemical Defense, Saturniidae, Secondary Compounds Scolus secretions and hemolymph of caterpillars of Satumia pyri fed with two different foodplants (Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa) were ...