Integral bridges are gaining increased popularity because of both economic and fast construction associated with the omission of bearing supports and expansion joints. In the present study the cyclic earth pressure behind integral bridge abutments under traffic surcharges are investigated and compared with that induced behind the abutment of  conventional bridges (with isolated deck and abutme...

tunnelling through cities underlain by soft soil, commonly associated with soil movement around the tunnels and subsequent surface settlement. the predication of ground movement during the tunnelling and optimum support pressure could be based on analytical, empirical or the numerical methods. the commonly used earth pressure balance (epb) tunneling machines, uses the excavated soil in a pressu...

tunnelling through cities underlain by soft soil, commonly associated with soil movement around the tunnels and subsequent surface settlement. the predication of ground movement during the tunnelling and optimum support pressure could be based on analytical, empirical or the numerical methods. the commonly used earth pressure balance (epb) tunneling machines, uses the excavated soil in a pressu...

abstract the prediction of active earth pressures is essential to the design of retaining walls in case of reinforced and unreinforced soils. in this study, a new analytical method is presented to determine the coefficient of earth pressure. the horizontal slice method is used to compute the active earth pressure behind a rigid retaining wall in consideration of the granular soils. to verify th...

The newest progress on the study of the strangeness in the proton and in the lowest negative parity nucleon excited state N * (1535) is reviewed. Implications on the internal quark structure of the proton, N * (1535) and other baryons are discussed. The diquark cluster picture for the 5-quark components in baryons gives a natural explanation not only to the empirical indications for a positive ...

In the framework of a better territory risk assessment and decision making, numerical simulation can provide a useful tool for investigating the propagation phase of phenomena involving granular material, like rock avalanches, when realistic geological contexts are considered. Among continuum mechanics models, the numerical model SHWCIN uses the depth averaged Saint Venant approach, in which th...

several relationships to assess at-rest pressure coefficient in retaining walls, have been developed by different researchers. these suggested relationships are generally a function of mechanical soil parameters such as internal friction angel, poison ratio and over-consolidation ratio. in integral bridges, however, this coefficient is also a function of many other parameters other than soil ch...

One of the main concerns to design earth dam is the stability of the upstream slope of the earth dam in phase of rapid drawdown. Confined pore water pressure reduces the effective stress in this mode, so possibility of the instability and slippage will be increased. The main goal of this research is to investigate changes in the pore water pressure by using horizontal drains in upstream slope o...

In order to better understand magma evolution at depth in the Earth, partition coefficients between low-Ca pyroxene and melt have been experimentally determined at 15 and 20 kbar. Results indicate that partitioning of Sc, Yb, and Ca is little afected by pressure but Al partitioning increases significantly. We conclude that the unique dependence of Al partitioning on pressure results from the st...