with the complexity and amount of information in a wide variety of comparative performance reports in poultry production, making a decision is difficult. this problem is overcomed only when all data can be put into a common unit. for this purpose, five different decision making analysis approaches including  maximin, equally likely, weighted average, ordered weighted averages and technique for ...

peri-urban area development process decreases agricultural land use because of significant trend of city sprawl. in the agricultural sector, goals for sustainability generally include maintenance or enhancement of the natural environment, meeting of human needs for food, economic viability, and social welfare. as agriculture has enormous environmental impacts on peri-urban regions, it is necess...

the expansion of major cities regardless of the scientific planning principles has led to theemergence of negative urban development impacts in iran such as the degradation of natural resources andvarious forms of pollution. undoubtedly, urban rivers can enhance the ecological value of the earth to anoptimal extent. however, to benefit from these potentials, appropriate planning looks inevitabl...

The focus of the discipline of neuropsychology is shifting towards a greater emphasis on understanding the relationship between assessment results and performance of everyday tasks (ecological validity). To date, the literature has highlighted the importance of this concept in the assessment of patients with brain injury or disease (e.g. in rehabilitation and forensic settings). This paper pres...

We examine the proposal that the high levels of ecological specialization seen in many animals has been driven by benefits in decision accuracy that accrue from this resource-use strategy. Using artificial analogs of real neural processing (artificial neural networks), we examine the relationship between decision accuracy, level of ecological specialization/generalization, and the punishment/re...

this study sought to develop a decision support system (dss) for assisting range managers to detect range condition and make informed decisions about feridan county rangelands. all plant species frequencies were measured in 31 range sites with various grazing histories using step point method. four hundred points along four perpendiculars 30 meters transects were measured in each site and grazi...

in the regulated nakdong river, algal proliferations are annually observed in some seasons, with cyanobacteria (microcystis aeruginosa) appearing in summer and diatom blooms (stephanodiscus hantzschii) in winter. this study aims to develop two ecological models forecasting future chlorophyll a at two time-steps (one-week and one-year forecasts), using recurrent neural networks tuned by genetic...

There is a clear need to apply better and more effective management schemes to coastal ecosystem restoration projects. It is very common for aquatic ecosystem restoration projects not to meet their goals. Poor performance has led to a high degree of uncertainty about the potential success of any restoration effort. Under adaptive management, the knowledge gained through monitoring of the projec...