the state of post revolutionary iran adopted economic policies over 1980-1988 which we can phrase redistributive economic policies. according to a part of revolutionary literature, adoption of these policies by the post revolutionary state is, partly, one of the structural features of that state. but it is not a main debate of this article. rather, basic concern of the article, as some of the p...

objectives: goal-directed subsidies because of its nature can affect all aspects of iranian life. this scheme is not only an economic program but also affects other aspects of social life including: welfare and economic situation of society, labor market, income, expenditure and consumption pattern models of family and social problems such as poverty and inequality, drug abuse, family problem, ...

background: theoretically, a vital factor in development has been the resilience and strength of socio-economic system to confront instabilities and crises. the precaution, however, is that an error might be committed, where, instead of finding the root causes of diseases we are mobilizing the forces to confront the signs of illness, leaving the diseases to grow and damage the lesser developed ...

This paper studies how a politician’s preferences and abilities to influence public and private sector productivity affect her choices over economic policies. Extremism between policies of leftand right-wing incumbents increases with ability, because voters are more willing to re-elect competent politicians. Positive correlations between certain ability dimensions and preferences amplify politi...

To build a better world, we must have the courage to make a new start. We must clear away the obstacles with which human folly has recently encumbered our path and release the creative energy of individuals. We must create conditions favourable to progress rather than “planning progress.”... The guiding principle in any attempt to create a world of free men must be this: a policy of freedom for...

What economic policy space does a country have to respond crisis provoked by the Covid-19 pandemic? To assess this space, article calculates nominal index as sum of each country’s fiscal monetary and reserve space. This is then adjusted for institutional features individual countries derive effective index. By way illustration, applies crisis. It finds that at least 95 (about 11 percent global ...