学校教育に成果主義・競争主義を導入する新自由主義的教育改革（NEP）は，教員世界に変容をもたらすものとして議論されている。しかし，様々な施策や意見が個別に取り上げられる場合が多く，NEPに対して教員がどのような態度を有しているのか，その全体像が十分に捉えられていない現状がある。 実際にどの程度の教員がNEPを支持するのか／しないのか，NEP支持層と不支持層の間でどのような違いがあるのか。本稿では，関西地区の中学校教員を対象とした質問紙調査から，具体的な施策に対する意見を分析対象として取り上げ，NEPに対する教員の態度の実態を検討した。 潜在クラス分析を用いた分析の結果，第一に，NEPに対する教員の態度は，「不支持層」「支持層」「混在層」「判断不可層」に類型され，混在層を除くと，複数の施策に対する意見の一貫性が認められた。第二に，NEPに対するこれらの態度には，性別，年齢，組合加入，勤...

This paper investigates service provisions in community languages offered by Manchester City Council and agencies working alongside to find out whether there is an explicit language policy in Manchester, how such a policy is formulated, how it functions, and how it is reflected in education. Data was collected through interviews with different personnel in MCC, focus group discussions with comm...

Poverty causes illiteracy and illiteracy causes poverty. No country today better exemplifies this cycle than Pakistan, where most educational plans and policies have failed to make any significant contribution towards increase in literacy rates. The objective of this paper is to critically examine the improvement in educational status and poverty by analyzing the Pro-Poor Growth Index & Poverty...

In industrialized nations sibship size generally depresses educational attainment—the larger the number of siblings, the lower the educational attainment, presumably because of the reduction of family resources (both material and intellectual) available to each child. However, this association is much less consistent in developing nations, and there is some evidence of substantial change over t...

In spite of decades of reform attempts urban education remains an intractable policy issue for educators. National and state level data continue to show disparities in educational achievement and attainment between students from affluent and poor urban communities. If past policies have not proven to be effective in substantially improving urban educational systems the question is why? In this ...

Several recent state government decisions banning use of race-sensitive criteria in college admission decisions pose a challenging dilemma for higher education because ethnoracial diversity of the school-age population has increased dramatically since 1960 and persisting race and ethnic inequities in high school attainment restrict the pool of students admissible to colleges and universities. I...

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