abstract norton’s (1995) investment hypothesis in l2 learning that l2 learners who cherish and foresee a richer personality for themselves in their l2 context would thrive more diligently and consequently would both enrich their personality and achieve a higher proficiency in their new language was investigated in this study in the community of iranian efl students. the integration and mutual r...

This study was a cross-sectional investigation into the request strategies used by Iranian learners of English as a Foreign Language and Australian native speakers of English. The sample involved 96 BA and MA Persian students and 10 native speakers of English. A Discourse Completion Test (DCT) was used to generate data related to the request strategies used by each group. Selection of request s...

This study aimed to investigate the association between English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher candidates’ reflective thinking skills (RTSs) and pedagogical competence. Employing correlational study, questionnaire conveying four dimensions of RTSs report performance in microteaching course was used collect data on Using Google Forms, administered 52 EFL candidates. The descriptive statisti...

BACKGROUND Expiratory flow limitation (EFL), determined by the negative expiratory pressure (NEP) technique, can exhibit overlapping patterns in COPD, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and non-OSA obesity. We assessed the ability of a quantitative method to assess EFL to discriminate COPD from obese and OSA patients during NEP (-2 to -3 cm H(2)O) testing. METHODS EFL was quantified by measuring t...

Many studies have explored the benefits of flipped classrooms in language learning, but a further investigation on link between mobile-assisted and EFL teacher candidates’ engagement learning an Indonesian context is needed. This research aimed at elaborating how implementation classroom engaged candidates. With this goal mind, we employed case study design aiming giving holistic description ca...

This study aimed at investigating the English textese of Iranian EFL learners by scrutinizing the linguistic features through a qualitative design. In doing so, 700 messages were collected from 43 MA Iranian EFL learners of both genders. The features were categorized and analyzed calculating the frequency and percentage. The findings of the study showed that Iranian EFL students used different ...

Genes encoding elongation factor-like (EFL) proteins, which show high similarity to elongation factor-1alpha (EF-1alpha), have been found in phylogenetically distantly related eukaryotes. The sporadic distribution of "EFL-containing" lineages within "EF-1alpha-containing" lineages indirectly, but strongly, suggests lateral gene transfer as the principal driving force in EFL evolution. However, ...

this study examines differences in non-native efl teachers’ beliefs about grammar and teaching grammar. the differences were sought across teachers’ work environment- private school versus state schools-, degree, gender, and teaching experience. a sample of 130 efl teachers teaching at junior high school, high schools, and private language institutes were randomly selected. the sample consisted...

The position of the hinge point of mitral annulus (MA) is important for segmentation, modeling and multimodalities registration of cardiac structures. The main difficulties in identifying the hinge point of MA are the inherent noisy, low resolution of echocardiography, and so on. This work aims to automatically detect the hinge point of MA by combining local context feature with additive suppor...

Microaneurysms (MAs) are known to be the early signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). An automated MA detection system based on curvelet transform is proposed for color fundus image analysis. Candidates of MA were extracted in two parallel steps. In step one, blood vessels were removed from preprocessed green band image and preliminary MA candidates were selected by local thresholding technique. I...