BEING a practicing biologist, I feel that I cannot attempt the kind of analysis of cause and effect in biological phenomena that a logician would undertake. I would instead like to concentrate on the special difficulties presented by the classical concept of causality in biology. From the first attempts to achieve a unitary concept of cause, the student of causality has been bedeviled by these ...

A multibeam water column image (WCI) can provide detailed seabed information and is an important means of underwater target detection. However, gas plume targets in have no obvious contour are susceptible to the influence environments, equipment noises, other factors, resulting varied shapes sizes. Compared with traditional detection methods, this paper proposes improved YOLOv7 (You Only Look O...

We use computational systems to express a completion with constraints procedure that gives priority to simplifications. Computational systems are rewrite theories enriched by strategies. The implementation of completion in ELAN, an interpretor of computational systems, is especially convenient for experimenting with different simplification strategies, thanks to the powerful strategy language o...

ELAN implements computational systems, a concept that combines rewriting logic with the powerful description of rewriting strategies. ELAN can be used either as a logical framework or to describe and execute deterministic as well as non-deterministic rule based processes. We present the general features of the language and outline some of the applications it has been used for.