Charles-Augustin de Coulomb introduced his equations over two centuries ago. These equations quantified the force and the energy of interacting electrical charges. The electrical permittivity of free space was factored into Coulomb’s equations. A century later James Clear Maxwell showed that the velocity of light emerged as a consequence this permittivity. These constructs were a crowning achie...

A numerical investigation of time-separated charge overlap measurements is carried out for the pion in the context of lattice QCD using smeared Wilson fermions. The evolution of the charge distribution function is examined and the expected asymptotic time behavior ∼ e −(Eq−mπ)t , where t represents the charge density relative time separation, is clearly visible in the Fourier transform. Values ...

Sharp bending of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) plays an essential role in genome structure and function. However, the elastic limit of dsDNA bending remains controversial. Here, we measured the opening rates of small dsDNA loops with contour lengths ranging between 40 and 200 bp using single-molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. The relationship of loop lifetime to loop size revealed a...

In this paper, the bending behaviour of small-scale Bernoulli–Euler beams is investigated by Eringen’s two-phase local/nonlocal theory elasticity. Bending moments are expressed in terms elastic curvatures a convex combination local and nonlocal contributions, that with non-negative scalar coefficients summing to unity. The contribution convolution integral curvature field suitable averaging ker...

Muscles behave as elastic springs during the initial strain phase, indicated as short range stiffness (SRS). Beyond a certain amount of strain the muscle demonstrates a more viscous behavior. The strain at which the muscle transits from elastic- to viscous-like behavior is called the elastic limit and is believed to be the result of breakage of cross-bridges between the contractile filaments. T...

The nanomechanical response properties of 3C-SiC nanowires are investigated using molecular dynamics simulation with Tersoff bond-order interatomic potential. Under axial compression and tensile strain, the computed Young’s modulus and structural changes at elastic limit do not depend appreciably on the diameter of the nanowire except for the nanowire of the smallest diameter 1 nm under compres...