Microelectrodes fabricated using integrated-circuit technology are shown to be suitable for extracellular single-unit recording, and the factors influencing electrode-cell coupling are discussed. Electrode tip size as well as location is found to be critical in recording high spike amplitudes, suggesting that the paths for current flow in central nervous system (CNS) tissue may be extremely small.

We evaluated the spatiotemporal distribution of photic driving (PDR), photoparoxysmal (PPR), and photoconvulsive (PCR) responses recorded by intracranial electrodes (ic-EEG) in a patient with generalized photosensitivity and right frontal lobe cortical dysplasia. Intermittent light stimulation (ILS) was performed thirteen times in nine days. Cortical responses to ILS recorded by ic-EEG were rev...

To determine whether data quality is meaningfully reduced by high electrode impedance, EEG was recorded simultaneously from low- and high-impedance electrode sites during an oddball task. Low-frequency noise was found to be increased at high-impedance sites relative to low-impedance sites, especially when the recording environment was warm and humid. The increased noise at the high-impedance si...

The recording characteristics of the monopolar needle in three dimensions have not been well established. A simple spherical recording territory is commonly assumed with the very tip proposed to have a greater spatial recording sensitivity by some authors. We demonstrate by enlarged physical modeling in a homogeneous volume conductor that the recorded amplitude diminishes more gradually radiall...

This paper demonstrates a novel flexible carbon nanotubes (CNTs) electrode array for neural recording. In this device, the CNTs electrode arrays are partially embedded into the flexible Parylene-C film using a batch microfabrication process. Through this fabrication process, the CNTs can be exposed to increase the total sensing area of an electrode. Thus, the flexible CNTs electrode of low impe...

This paper describes the design, fabrication and testing of a prototype dry surface electrode for EEG signal recording. The new dry electrode has the advantages of no need for skin preparation or conductive paste, potential for reduced sensitivity to motion artifacts and an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. The electrode's sensing element is a 3 mm stainless steel disk which has a 2000 A (200 nm)...

Principles of signal transmission in nervous systems are commonly demonstrated in the undergraduate neuroscience laboratory through extracellular recording of nerve and muscle action potentials. Here we describe the construction of a simple suction electrode that we use routinely in our laboratory classes for nerve recording and stimulation. The electrode parts are relatively inexpensive, easil...