the remarkable development of sciences and technologies in the world of]o today has apparently brought mankind comfort and well-being, but it has also created new problems for humans including environmental pollution, widespread changes in world weather conditions, etc. fossil fuels cause numerous environmental pollutions. in other words, on the one hand poisonous gases enter the environment fo...

MARCELO A. COLOMINAS∗,‡, GASTÓN SCHLOTTHAUER∗,§, MARÍA E. TORRES∗,¶ and PATRICK FLANDRIN†,‖ ∗CONICET – Laboratorio de Señales y Dinámicas no Lineales Facultad de Ingenieŕıa, Universidad Nacional de Entre Rı́os Ruta 11Km 10, Oro Verde, Entre Rı́os 3100, Argentina †Laboratoire de Physique (UMR 5672 CNRS ) École Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France ‡macolominas@b...

according to international trade theories, countries attempt to produce and export commodities with their abundant resources. iran has great energy resources and availability of inexpensive energy input has increased energy consumption per capita in manufacturing sector as well as in consuming sector. relying on low energy price, manufacturers employ energy-intensive methods for producing and e...

Recent statistics indicate that in 2005 the world consumed about 0.5 ZJ (ZJ = 10 Joules) of energy. If one assumes that the future world population stabilizes at 10 billions, and the people consume a similar amount of energy per capita to that of the people in the presently developed countries, the world will need about 2 ZJ a year. A recent survey of the available future energy resources indic...

In order to address the economic and environmental consequences of our global energy system, we consider the availability and consumption of energy resources. Problems arise from our dependence on combustible fuels, the environmental risks associated with their extraction, and the environmental damage caused by their emissions. Yet no primary energy source, be it renewable or nonrenewable, is f...