The objective of this study was to assess dentists' knowledge and use of evidence-based practice (EBP), including their attitudes toward and perceptions of barriers that limit the use of EBP. A cross-sectional survey was used with self-administered questionnaires involving dental practitioners in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. One hundred ninety-three replies were returned, for a response rat...

in recent decades, issuing of catastrophe bonds for covering the catastrophe losses such as earthquakes, floods, etc. are getting more widespread. the purpose of this paper is determination of the optimal interest rates for investors of these securities, so that it becomes attractive for them. this paper uses fire insurance data in the period of 1328 to 1388 and considers the peaks over thresho...

This paper considers the consequences of an avoidable risk of irreversible environmental catastrophe for society’s optimal long-run consumption/pollution tradeoffs. The risk is assumed to be a nondecreasing function of pollution concentration which evolves as a dynamic environmental renewal process. The main objective of the paper is to derive qualitative insights regarding the effects of such ...

In 2001, 1.458 million American families filed for bankruptcy. To investigate medical contributors to bankruptcy, we surveyed 1,771 personal bankruptcy filers in five federal courts and subsequently completed in-depth interviews with 931 of them. About half cited medical causes, which indicates that 1.9-2.2 million Americans (filers plus dependents) experienced medical bankruptcy. Among those w...

A variety of organisms, from arctic reindeer to gastrointestinal bacteria, face stochastic environmental fluctuations that result in population catastrophes. Understanding the statistics of growthcatastrophe processes is a particularly relevant problem at present, due for example to expected increases in environmental volatility as a consequence of climate change and to growing interest in appl...

Biologists have raised objections to a new canal in Nicaragua, but in this Essay I argue that dire predictions of environmental catastrophe are exaggerated. I present an alternative view based on my research experience in Panama, where Canal operations foster forest conservation. Currently in Nicaragua, the rate of forest loss is so rapid that the canal cannot make it worse. Rather, I contend, ...