A significant technological challenge is the search for appropriate disposal of hazardous waste, It is evident that technologies that are simple, practical and economical for use should be developed, and they should both safeguard public health and reduce environmental pollution. Temporal disposal on the ground surface is a common approach in many European countries, a technique that could cont...

Nanoparticles (NPs) are a heterogeneous group of materials that have various applications, and their risk assessment is an essential condition. This study aimed to review the applicable risk assessment methods in occupational and environmental exposures to NPs. A literature search for articles published since 2005 in Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using ap...

The SAB should be aware that the process of risk assessment within the federal agencies has at least a 30-year history (the NRC “Red Book” was published in 1983) and has undergone much review. While US EPA is one of the leading federal agencies in the evolution of toxicological risk assessments, the appropriate venue for making significant changes to the risk assessment process should include t...

The European and UK legislation on environmental assessment (EA) J as well as requiring assessment of significant ecological effects, also requires development proponents to recommend mitigation measures for adverse impacts. Drawing on a review of proposed ecological mitigation measures in 194 environmental statements (ES) for UK development proposals, this paper highlights problems with the cu...

This paper presents a current overview of the basic elements of environmental risk assessment within the basic four-step process of hazard identification, exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, and risk characterization. These general steps have been applied to assess both human and ecological risks from environmental exposures. Approaches used to identify hazards and exposures are being ref...

This position paper intends to stimulate a profound rethinking of contemporary agricultural practice. We criticise the current intensity of chemical plant protection in Germany as ecologically unsustainable and thus threatening the achievement of key targets of environmental protection and nature conservation policies. In the first part of the paper, we provide background information on the use...

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a procedure tool of environmental management for identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the adverse effects of development proposals. EIA reports usually analyze how the amounts or concentrations of pollutants obey the relevant standards. Actually, many analytical tools can deepen the analysis of environmental impacts in EIA reports, such as ...

Historically, the term risk assessment has been applied to the examination of potential risk to human health as a result of exposure to some introduced environmental toxicant. As an intellectual discipline, risk assessment is in its infancy. Within the past couple of decades, considerable research has been done in the fields of toxicology, industrial hygiene, environmental impact assessment, en...