BACKGROUND Neighborhood environment factors may influence physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to develop and test a brief instrument to systematically document and describe the type, features, amenities, quality and incivilities of a variety of PA resources. METHOD The one-page Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA) instrument was developed to assess all publicly avail...

Consuming less sodium and more potassium are components of a healthy diet and reduced cardiovascular disease risk. Racial/ethnic segregation and poverty are both associated with dietary habits, but data linking dietary intake to neighborhood characteristics are limited, particularly in Hispanic and Asian American ethnic enclaves. This study presents relationships between neighborhood-level segr...

OBJECTIVES We investigated associations between local food environment and neighborhood racial/ethnic and socioeconomic composition. METHODS Poisson regression was used to examine the association of food stores and liquor stores with racial/ethnic composition and income in selected census tracts in North Carolina, Maryland, and New York. RESULTS Predominantly minority and racially mixed nei...

We examine the longitudinal fortunes of the poorest fifth of U.S. metropolitan neighborhoods, defined as those with 20 percent or higher poverty rates in 1980. We employ logistic regression to identify the factors correlated with 1980-1990 increases and decreases in poverty rates across these poor neighborhoods, and examine whether factors vary by predominant racial/ethnic composition. Regional...

To explore intra-ethnic diversity in patterns of environmental health injustice inMiami (Florida), we relatedmodeled estimates of cancer risks from on-road pollutants from the 2005 National-scale Air Toxics Assessment with 2005–2009 American Community Survey tract-level sociodemographic data. Neighborhoods with lower incomes and higher proportions of Hispanics were at risk.When disaggregating ‘...

The socioeconomic performance of today's workers depends not only on parental skills, but also on the average skills of the ethnic group in the parents' generation (or ethnic capital). This paper investigates the link between the ethnic externality and ethnic neighborhoods. The evidence indicates that residential segregation and the external effect of ethnicity are linked, partly because ethnic...

BACKGROUND Hispanics are more likely than other racial/ethnic groups in the United States to be diagnosed with later stage of prostate cancer, yet they have lower prostate cancer mortality rates. The authors evaluated the impact of nativity and neighborhood-level Hispanic ethnic enclave on prostate cancer survival among Hispanics. METHODS A total of 35,427 Hispanic men diagnosed with invasive...

BACKGROUND Perinatal morbidity rates are relatively high in the Netherlands, and significant inequalities in perinatal morbidity and mortality can be found across neighborhoods. In socioeconomically deprived areas, 'Western' women are particularly at risk for adverse birth outcomes. Almost all studies to date have explained the disparities in terms of individual determinants of birth outcomes. ...