Exothermic batch reactions are highly nonlinear and complex processes. During the mixing of the chemical reactants, a sudden and unpredictable heat is released causing exothermic reaction. As a result, the runaway reaction may affect the product quality and pose safety problem to the system. Therefore, it is crucial to control the reactor temperature during the process. Often, good controller r...

The self-propagating foaming process of porous Al-Ni intermetallics was investigated. Aluminum and nickel powders were blended, and titanium and boron carbide powders were added as reactive exothermic agents. The blended powder was extruded to make a rod-shape precursor. Only one end of the rod precursor was heated to ignite the reaction. The reaction propagated spontaneously throughout the pre...

Exothermic or heated processes create potentially unsafe work environments for an estimated 5-10 million American workers each year. Excessive heat and process contaminants have the potential to cause adverse health effects in exposed workers. Owing to the potential hazards, engineering controls are recommended for these processes. Our understanding of heat transfer and meteorological theories,...

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In this paper recent semi-batch chromium sludge processing is compared with batch processing by simulation means mainly. A possible time and/or power consumption reduction using these two techniques is monitored to optimize the process. The process itself is strongly exothermic so the temperature control is necessary to keep the temperature under critical temperature point.

Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement produce exothermic reaction during its polymerization process, which damage the surrounding bone tissue during orthopedic surgery. Nanoparticles additives (magnesium oxide, hydroxyapatite, chitosan, barium sulfate and silica) and alternative monomers (glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) tri-methaxysilyl propyl methacrylate (3MPMA)), can be incorporated with the PMM...

Model predictive control (MPC) is an attractive control scheme for embedding fault tolerance since, by being an optimal-control scheme solved online, it enables directly updating of the system model and constraints. Yet, there are several processes and systems where fault accommodation simply by updating the internal MPC model is infeasible. Of particular such interest is process plants with ex...

This study focused on kinetic modeling of a specific type of multistep heterogeneous reaction comprising exothermic and endothermic reaction steps, as exemplified by the practical kinetic analysis of the experimental kinetic curves for the thermal decomposition of molten ammonium dinitramide (ADN). It is known that the thermal decomposition of ADN occurs as a consecutive two step mass-loss proc...